Select Plants for Industrial Culture and 



is used largely for carving. Only available to advantage for high- 

 lands. The oil, distilled from the foliage of this and many other 

 pines, is a safe anthelmintic [Dr. H. Pinkney]. 



Pinus MontezumCB, Lambert. (P. Devoniana, Lindley ; P. Grenvilleoe, 

 Gordon.) 



Mexico. A handsome pine, to 80 feet high ; wood pale, soft and 

 resinous. Cone attaining a length of 15 inches [Dr. Masters]. 



Pinus monticola, Douglas. 



From British Columbia to California, at -an elevation of 7,000- 

 10,000 feet. This pine thrives best in poor soil of granite-forma- 

 tion, and attains a height of about 200 feet, with a stem often 7 

 feet thick. The wood is pale, close-grained, similar to that of P. 

 Strobus. Dr. Gibbons observes, that this species is less than half 

 the size of P. Lambertiana, but in all other respects resembles it. 

 Woodmen are very pronounced in their statement, that there are 

 two kinds of sugar-pine, both growing in close proximity to each 

 other. Mr. J. Hoopes states, that the wood is similar to that of 

 the White Pine, therefore pale and soft, but tougher. Dr. G. 

 Dawson says, that the aborigines use also the seeds of this pine for 

 food. 



Pinus muricata, I). Don. 



Bishop's Pine. California, in the coast-region, up to 2,000 feet. 

 This hardy pine grows ordinarily to about 40 feet, but reaches 

 120 feet under favorable circumstances. It might be utilized for 

 wind-breaks [Dr. Gibbons]. Endures the clime of Middle Europe, 

 Bate of growth near Melbourne about 30 feet in ten years [C. 

 French]. Did particularly well in the south of New Zealand [Th. 

 Waugh]. The fruit-cones persist for many years [Sereno Watson]. 



Pinus nig'ra, Alton. (Abies rubra, Michaux.) 



Black Spruce. Eastern America, occurring extensively between 

 44 U and .53 north latitude. In Norway it will grow to lat. 63 45 ' 

 [Schuebeler]. This tree, which is termed Double Spruce by the 

 Canadians, likes humid sheltered localities, attains a height of about 

 70 feet, and furnishes a light elastic timber of pale color, excellent 

 for yards of ships ; largely sawn into boards and quarterings ; has 

 also come extensively into use for paper-pulp. The spruce-lumber 

 of the eastern markets in the United States is chiefly furnished by 

 this species [Sargent]. The young shoots are used for making 

 spruce-beer, and the small roots serve as cords. The tree prefers 

 poor and rocky soil, but a humid cool clime, and is best available 

 for mountainous localities inaccessible to culture. Mr. Cecil Clay 

 estimates, that 20,000 cubic feet of timber can be obtained from this 

 tree on one acre of ground. 



