'860 Select Plants for Industrial Culture and 



Finns patula, Schiede and Deppe. 



Mexico, at elevations of from 6,000 to 12,000 feet. A graceful 

 pine, becoming 80 feet high. 



Pinus pendula, Sulander. (P. microcarpa, Lambert.) 



Small-coned American Larch, Black Larch or Tamarack. From 

 Labrador and Canada to Virginia, delighting in swampy ground, 

 A pine of pyramidal growth, to 100 feet high. The timber is pale, 

 heavy, resinous, and as highly valued as that of the common larch ; 

 it is close-grained, well-adapted for underground-work ; it combines 

 lightness, strength and durability ; much sought by ship-builders, 

 as for knees, bends and ship-garlands it cannot be surpassed [Robbl ; 

 much in use also for railway-ties. Bate of circumferential stem- 

 growth in Nebraska two feet in ten years [Furnas]. P. laricina 

 [Du Roi] is by far the oldest name for this larch, as pointed out 

 by Prof. C. Koch. 



Pinus picea, Du Koi.* (P. Abies, Linne.) 



Norway- Spruce, Fichte. Middle and Northern Europe and 

 Northern Asia, rising from the plains to an elevation of 4,500 feet, 

 and forming extensive forests. It exceeds eveu the birch in endur- 

 ance of cold. Indigenous in Norway to latitude 69 30' [Schue- 

 beler]. Adapted to most kinds of soil. The tree attains a height 

 of 150 feet or even more, and furnishes an excellent timber, com- 

 monly known under the name of White Deal, for building, 

 furniture, flooring, masts, spars, ladders and oars. Stems of 6 feet 

 diameter are on record with more than 200 wood-rings. It also 

 produces the Burgundy-pitch in quantity, while the bark is used 

 for tanning. Though enduring dry summers, this spruce would 

 have to be restricted for timber-purposes to damp mountains. A 

 variety with pendant branches occurs. Hemsley mentions other 

 forms of this spruce, and indeed many varieties of other species of 



. Pinus. Britain alone imported in recent time pine wood to the 

 value of nine millions sterling annually, of which P. picea must 

 have furnished a considerable portion. The import of dealwood 

 into Victoria from Europe and America during 1887 came in value 

 to about half a million. 



Pinus Pinaster, Solander.* (P. maritima, Poiret and De Candolle.) 



Cluster-Pine. From the shores to the mountains of the countries 

 on the Mediterranean Sea. The tree rises to about 60 feet in 

 height. The wood is soft and resinous ; it yields largely the French 

 turpentine. Among the best of plants for consolidating sandy coasts,. 

 and for converting rolling sands into pastoral and agricultural land. 

 For ease of rearing and rapidity of growth one of the most impor- 

 tant of all pines. Aver age -growth at Port Phillip 40 feet in 20 

 years. On the testimony of Mr. J. Hoopes, it does not thrive well 

 on calcareous soil. Hon. W. I. Winter observed P. Pinaster and 



