438 .Select Plants for Industrial Culture and 



Salix Daviesii. Boissiers. 



Persia. This tree is there and in Afghanistan cultivated. 

 Pollarded for cattle-feed in early spring. Wood used for lintels, 

 spinning-wheels, handles, dishes, platters, fruit-boxes and charcoal 

 [Brigade-Surgeon Aitchison]. S. Songorica (Andersson) is used 

 there for similar purposes. 



Salix trag'ilis, Linne. 



The Crack-Willow or Withy. Indigenous in South- Western 

 Asia ; widely spontaneous also in Europe. Hardy in Norway to 

 lat. 64 5 '. Height to 90 feet ; stem reaching 20 feet in girth. 

 According to Scaling next to S. alba the best of the European 

 timber- willows, but the wood not quite so tough and the tree 

 requiring more space for growth. Both species are recommended 

 for shelter-plantations, on account of their rapidity of growth, 

 uninnammability and easy propagation ; the latter quality they 

 share with most willows. A variety or hybrid of this species is 

 the Bedford-Willow, also called Leicester- Willow, Salix Russelliaiia 

 (Smith), which yields a light, elastic, tough timber, more tannin 

 in its bark than oak, and more salicin (a substitute for quinine and 

 most valuable as an anti-rheumatic remedy) than most of its con- 

 geners. According to Sir H. Davy the inner layers of the bark 

 contain fully 16 per cent, tannin, the whole bark only about 7 per 

 cent. 



Salix Humboldtiana, Willdenow. 



Through a great part of South- America, southward as far as- 

 Patagonia, there furnishing building timber for inside-structures. 

 This willow is of pyramidal habit, attains a height of 50 feet and 

 more, and is in moist ground of quick and ready growth. The 

 wood is locally much in use for yokes and other implements. 

 Many kinds of willows can be grown for consolidating shifting 

 sand-ridges. 



Salix Japonica, Thunberg. 



Japan. Here mentioned, to draw attention to its distinctness 

 from S. Babylonica, to which Prof. Andersson referred it as a 

 variety. 



Salix longifolia, Muehlenberg. 



North- America, from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. Acquires 

 finally a height of about 20 feet ; likes to creep on sand and gravel 

 along river-banks. It is one of the species forming long flexible 

 wythes. S. petiolaris (Smith) and S. tristis (Aiton) are among 

 the North -American species best fitted for binding sand. 



Salix lucida, Mtiehlenberg. 



One of the Osiers of North-America, reaching Canada. Likes 

 river-banks for its habitation. 



