Naturalisation in Extra- Tropical Countries. 481 



Thymus mastichina, Linne. 



Spain, Portugal, Morocco. A half-shrub of agreeable scent, 

 used also occasionally in medicine. 



Thymus Serpillum, Linne. 



Europe, Western Asia, North -Eastern Africa. A perennial herb 

 of some medicinal value. It would live on the highest alps. An 

 essential oil can be obtained from it. One particular variety is 

 lemon-scented. 



Thymus vulgraris, Linne. 



The Garden -Thyme. South-Europe, particularly westward. Both 

 this and the preceding species can be grown in Norway up to lat. 

 70 22 ' [Schuebeler]. This small shrubby plant is available for 

 scent and for condiments ; further as a honey-plant. It is also well 

 adapted for forming garden-edges. The essential oil of this plant 

 can be separated into the crystalline thymol, one of the most power- 

 ful, best applicable and least dangerous of all antiseptics, and the 

 liquid thymen and cymol. T. aestivus (Reuter) and T. hiemalis 

 (Lange) are closely cognate plants. Several other species with 

 aromatic scent occur at or near the Mediterranean Sea. 



Tilia alba, Alton. (T. heterophylla, Ventenat.) 



The " Silver-Linden" of the Eastern and Middle States of North- 

 America. 



Tilia Americana, Linne. 



The Basswood-Tree or North-American Linden-Tree, this fine 

 tree growing there to 52 north latitude in the eastern regions. In 

 Norway it is hardy as far as Christiania (59 55 ; ) as well as the 

 following [Schuebeler]. It likes deep, friable, somewhat moist 

 soil, on which it is a quick and persistent grower [B. E. Fernow]. 

 Height of tree reaching about 80 feet, diameter of stem 4 feet. 

 The wood is close-grained and firm, as soft as deal ; used in the 

 construction of musical instruments, particularly pianofortes. 

 Specially valuable for the cutting-boards of curriers and shoe- 

 makers, bowls, pails, shovels, panelling of carriages [Robb]. As 

 the wood is free from knots, it is particularly eligible for turnery 

 and carving and certain portions of machinery. The tree is highly 

 valued for street-planting in its native land, where it also furnishes 

 linden-bast or bass. This is one of the principal honey-plants in 

 many parts of the United States. Quinby saw 25 Ibs. of honey 

 gathered by a single swarm in one day from Basswood-flowers, bees 

 travelling gradually several miles for them if necessary. For pro- 

 fusion and quality of honey the flowers are unsurpassed [A. J. 

 Cook]. Rate of stem-growth in Nebraska 35 inches girth at 2 feet 

 from the ground in fourteen years [Furnas]. Wood used also for 

 paper-pulp. 



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