Naturalisation in Extra-Trupical Countries. 483 



now much sought, and have endured wide transits, which were 

 initiated by the writer. Stems have been found bearing from 500 

 to 600 fronds. A gigantic specimen was got in the Dandenong- 

 forests, the trunk of which weighed 4,568 Ibs., after many fronds 

 were cut away, the extreme dimensions of the stem being about 

 6 feet in height, breadth and width. Supplies of this massive fern 

 in the gullies ought to be maintained for future generations by the 

 artificial dispersion of the dust-like spores. 



Torreya Californica, Torrey. (T. myristica, Hooker). 



California, extending from the coast to the Sierras. A sym- 

 metrical tree, becoming about 100 feet high, with a clear straight 

 trunk to 30 feet in length and 6 feet in diameter [Dr. Gibbons]. 

 The wood is hard and firm. 



Torreya grrandis, Fortune. 



The "Kaya" of China. A tree at length 60 feet high, with an 

 umbrella-shaped crown ; it produces good timber. Dislikes 

 exposure to intense heat and light. 



Torreya nucifera, Siebold. (Caryoiaxus nuci/era, Zuccarini.) 



Japan. Height of tree about 30 feet. From its nuts the 

 Japanese press an oil, used as an article of food. The wood is 

 highly valued in Japan by coopers, also by turners ; it resembles to 

 some extent boxwood [Dupont], 



Florida. A tree, reaching about 50 feet in height. Wood firm, 

 close-grained, light, durable, of a reddish colour ; very lasting also 

 underground. Prostrated trees did not decay in half a century. 

 Timber slightly more yellow than that of the white pine [P. J. 

 White]. The tree yields a reddish turpentine [Hoopesl. 



Touchardia latifolia, Gaudichaud. 



In the Hawaian Islands. A shrub, allied to Boehmeria nivea, 

 yielding a tough and easily separable fibre, as shown by Dr. 

 Hillebrand. Probably best adapted to humid warm gullies. 



Tragopog-on porrifolius, Linne. 



The " Salsify." Middle and Southern Europe, Northern Africa, 

 South- Western Asia; hardy to lat 70 in Norway. Biennial. The 

 root of this herb is well known as a useful culinary vegetable ; it 

 is obtainable even in cold countries through the winter ; the young 

 leaves supply a very good salad [Vilmorin]. Pasture-animals are 

 very fond of this easily raised and quickly growing plant, as 



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