Naturalisation in Extra- Tropical Countries. 497 



Ulmus BXexicana, Planchon. 



Cordilleras of South-Western North- America. This elm attains 

 a height of 60 feet or perhaps more. Many of these elms are avail- 

 able as quick-growing avenue-trees for shade-lines. 



Ulmus parvifolia, Jacquin. 



The Evergreen Elm of China, Japan, Upper India and Burmah. 

 A similar tree is found on the Himalayan mountains. Well eligible 

 for big hedges. 



Ulmus pedunculata Fougeraux. (U. ciliata, Ehrhart.) 



Europe and Asia, through the middle zone. A fine avenue-tree. 



Ulmus racemosa, Thomas.* 



The Cork-Elm of North-America, also called Western Bock-Elm. 

 Wood as valuable as that of U. Americana, but much heavier; it is 

 fine-grained and compact, tough, flexible, not liable to split, holds 

 bolts better than most timber, and is extremely durable when con- 

 stantly wet ; deserves unqualified praise as a furniture-wood for 

 hardness, strength, beauty and buff-reddish tint ; also largely 

 employed for piles, pumps, naves, tackle-blocks, keels, gunwales, 

 heavy agricultural implements, such as mowing and threshing 

 machines, ploughs [Bobb, Sargent]. 



Ulmus Wallichiana, Planchon. 



Himalayan Elm. In the mountains of India from 3,500 feet to 

 10,000 feet. A tree, sometimes to 90 feet high, the stem attaining 

 a girth of 24 feet, but of rather slow growth [Gamble]. Bark very 

 tough ; foliage locally lopped off for cattle-fodder [Brandis]. U. 

 lancifolia (Roxburgh) occurs in the same region as a large tree, 

 yielding, according to Gamble, reddish hard wood. 



Umbellularia Californica, Nuttall. (Oreodaphne Californica, Nees ; 

 Tetranthera Californica, Hooker and Arnott.) 



Oregon and California, where it is called the " Mountain -Laurel " 

 or " Bay -tree." Finally to 100 feet high ; throughout pervaded by 

 a somewhat camphoric odor. Wood most valuable for cabinet- 

 work, also for the best of flooring ; that of the root splendid for 

 turnery ; it is hard, close-grained, durable, easily worked, suscep- 

 tible of high polish [Dr. Behr and Prof. Bolander]. 



Uniola gracilis, Michauz. 



North -Am erica. A perennial pasture-grass of considerable value, 

 content with sandy soil, and liking the vicinity of the sea. Boot 

 creeping. 



2G 



