508 Select Plants for Industrial Culture and 



comes to from 15d. to 20d. per Ib. Violets are there often grown 

 as an extra-crop under lemon- and orange-trees ; the kind chiefly 

 cultivated for perfumery is the " Double Parma " [Piesse]. The 

 concrete oil is a commercial article. Varieties specially cultivated 

 for bouquets are : Lee's Victoria, the Czar and the Neapolitan and 

 Semperflorens. Their culture proves quite remunerative. 



Vitex trifolia, Linne. 



Warmer parts of Asia and Australia, also Polynesia, extending 

 northward to Japan, southward to New South Wales, eastward to 

 Hawaia. The variety V. ovata (Thunberg) creeps to a radius of 

 30 feet, holding shifting sand ; the more it gets covered over, the 

 more it seems to grow [Joseph O'Reilley]. 



Vitis acetosa, F. v. Mueller. 



Carpentaria and Arnheim's Land. Steins rather herbaceous 

 than shrubby, erect. The whole plant is pervaded with acidity ; 

 thus the foliage proved valuable in cases of scurvy. The berries are 

 edible, and vary from white to purple and black. This species, if 

 planted in countries with a mild temperate clime, would probably 

 spring afresh from the roots annually. Mr. Alfred Griles made from 

 this grape some wine of fair quality, reminding of claret. 



Vitis aestivalis, Michaux.* 



The Summer-Grape of the Middle and Eastern States of North - 

 America. Flowers fragrant. The berries are deep blue, of pleasant 

 taste, and ripen late in the season ; they are generally rather small 

 and in some kinds somewhat sour. Little subject to mildew. 

 Among the varieties, derived from this species, the Jacques or 

 Lenoir, Herbemont, Norton's Virginia, Elsinburg, Cunningham, 

 Rulander and Pauline are the best known ; all resist the attacks of 

 the Phylloxera vastatrix, as has been fully demonstrated by 

 experience in the United States as well as in the south of France. 

 Several of these give an excellent produce : Jacques and Norton's 

 Virginia gained a first prize in competition with the wines of 

 Southern France, at an exhibition held in Moiitpellier. The 

 Jacques-variety especially is much esteemed in the Provence for 

 its resistance to Phylloxera, also for its luxuriant growth, great 

 fertility and excellent wine of rich colour. The whole group of 

 Vitis aestivalis is however rather difficult to propagate, and is 

 for this reason not so valuable for stock of the European vine as V. 

 riparia. As these vines are of larger growth than V. vinifera, they 

 should be planted further apart ; a distance of 8 or 10 feet, and 

 6 feet between the rows is considered the most suitable. In Europe 

 the flowering season is at the end of June, about a fortnight later 

 than that of the European vine. The following method has been 

 recommended for propagating these American vines in districts 

 infested by the Phylloxera. Cut the best old stocks of European 



