Naturalisation in Extra- Tropical Countries. -5 13 



fortunately the mildew, which has attacked so much the European, 

 vine, is equally hurtful to the American species, unless Y. rubra 

 and V. cordifolia be proof [Planchon], However Mr. E. W. 

 Hilgard, of the Agricultural Experimental Station, found Y. riparia 

 to be very little attacked by mildew in California. The Phylloxera 

 has now found its way to Algeria, Smyrna and New South Wales, 

 so that all the five great parts of the globe are invaded. The late 

 Prof J. E. Planchon lived to enjoy the triumph of seeing largely 

 the French vineyards, affected by Phylloxera, brought into copious 

 bearing again by grafting on American stock. Professor Millardet, 

 who, with the able assistance of M. de Grasset, has taken a 

 prominent part in hybridising the different species of American 

 vines with each other and also with the European species, is 

 hopeful of overcoming any difficulties, which yet present them- 

 selves to the complete regeneration of French vineyards by these 

 hybrids. He estimates, that now already in Southern France two- 

 thirds of the vineyards, destroyed by the Phylloxera, have been 

 replanted with American vines and then grafted ; the yield from 

 these is now larger by a fourth, or perhaps even by a third, than 

 before the invasion of the Phylloxera ! He saw the extraordinary 

 produce 1,400 gallons of wine from an acre of the variety 

 " Aramons " grafted on Yitis riparia, the soil being of medium 

 quality and deep, the plants grafted four years before. 



Vitis rubra, Michaux. 



The Cat-Yine. Illinois and adjoining country, 011 river-banks. 

 May climb to half a hundred feet height. Proof against Phylloxera 

 and Mildew. Promises to become of value for hybridisation 

 [Millardet]. 



Vitis rupestris, Scheele. 



The Sand-Grape or Sugar-Grape. From the Missouri to Texas. 

 Succeeds well at Rockhampton under the tropic of Capricorn 

 [J. S. Edgar]. Likes naturally gravelly borders of torrents, along 

 which elsewhere this species might be naturalized ; also at home 

 on hill-sides and rocky knolls. Least subject of all to mildew 

 [Hilgard]. Hybridises easily ; also well adapted for grafting on 

 it the European vine [Prof. Millardet]. 



Vitis Schimperiana, Hochstetter. 



From Abyssinia to Guinea. This vine may perhaps become 

 valuable, with many other Central African kinds, for tropical 

 culture, and may show itself hardy also in extra-tropical countries. 

 Barter compares the edible berries to clusters of Frontio-nac- 

 Grape. 



