Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 57 



Arundinaria Hookeriana, Munro. 



Himalaya, up to nearly 7,000 feet. Grows to a height of about 

 15 feet. Vernacularly known as " Yoksun " and " Praong." The 

 seeds are edible, and also used for a kind of beer [Sir Jos. Hooker]. 

 Grains of most kinds of bamboos are however only produced at long 

 intervals, nor do they retain vitality for a long time. 



Arundinaria Japonica, Siebold and Zuccarini.* 



The " Metake " of Japan. Attains a height of from 6 to 15 feet. 

 Uninjured by even severe winters at Edinburgh, with F. [Gorlie]. 

 The hardiest of all bamboos. Through cold and keen winds in Eng- 

 land it may be seen unscathed, looking fresh and green when the 

 spring arrives. Underground shoots come up at some distance from 

 the main root. Cut canes put into jars containing some water stand 

 particularly well as foliage for decorative purposes according to Dr. 

 M. T. Masters, who also bestows high praise on the frost-resisting 

 Japanese or Chinese A. Simoni (Riviere) of stately habit, on the A. 

 pygmaea (Masters) of almost turf like growth, on A. Fortunei 

 (Fenzi) with often variegated foliage, on A. Veitchii (N. E. Brown) 

 and on Bambusa tessellata (Munro). 



Arundinaria macrosperma, Michaux and Richard. 



Southern States of North- America, particularly on the Mississippi. 

 This bamboo-like reed forms there the cane-brakes. Fit for low 

 borders of water-courses and swamps. According to C. Mohr it 

 affords throughout all seasons of the year an abundance of nutritious 

 fodder. It requires to be replanted after flowering, in the course of 

 years. Height reaching 20 feet. 



Arundinaria spathiflora, Trinius and Ruprecht.* 



"The Ringal." Himalaya, at elevations of 8,000 to 10,000 feet, 

 growing among firs and oaks in a climate almost as severe as that of 

 England, snow being on the ground from 2 to 3 months. Stems rise 

 to '60 feet ; more than a hundred may in the course of a year spring 

 from one root ; the canes of this species are quite celebrated for water- 

 tubes, fishing-rods and various implements, also as material for mats 

 and baskets [Sir D. Brandis, in proceed. R. Soc. of New South 

 Wales, 1885]. 



Arundinaria tecta, Muehlenberg. 



Southern States of North-America. A cane, growing 10 feet 

 high. Prefers good soil, not subject to inundations ; ripens i 

 large mealy seeds early in the season, throwing out subsequently 

 new branches with rich foliage. Fire destroys this plant readily 

 [C. Mohr]. 



