Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 85 



Bromus unioloides, Humboldt.* (B. Schraderi, Kunth.) 



From Central America to the sub-alpine zone of Northern Argen- 

 tina. In Australia called the Prairie-grass. It has spread over 

 many parts of the globe as naturalised. The writer saw it dis- 

 seminated on the mountains of St. Vincent's Gulf as early as 1847. 

 It is one of the richest of all grasses, grows continuously and spreads 

 rapidly from seeds, particularly on fertile and somewhat humid soil, 

 and has proved as a lasting and nutritious fodder-grass or pasture - 

 grass one of our best acquisitions. Very early out in the season for 

 fodder. Kept alive in the hottest and driest parts of Central- 

 Australia, where it was first introduced by the writer of this work. 

 When other grasses are failing in many places in winter, this 

 Bromus sustains in New England well the pasture-animals [R. 

 MacFarland]. Bears some frost. In the Cape Colony it grows freely 

 in winter when the indigenous grasses and Cynodon are down with 

 frost [T. R. Sim], In Norway it comes to perfection up to lat. 67 55' 

 [Schuebeler]. Chemical analysis in early spring gave : albumen, 

 2-80 ; gluten, 3'80 ; starch, 3'30; gum, 170; sugar, 2'30 per cent. 

 [F. v. Mueller and L. Rummel]. 



Broussonetia papyrifera, Ventenat. 



The " Paper-Mulberry-tree." Islands of the Pacific Ocean, China, 

 Japan, perhaps only truly indigenous in the last-named country. 

 Attains a maximum height of 40 feet ; hardy in the milder regions 

 of Middle Europe. The bark can be converted into very strong 

 paper. It can also be used for textile fabrics ; furthermore, the 

 cloth made from it can be dressed with linseed-oil for waterproof 

 coverings. In cultivation the plant is kept like an osier. The leaves 

 cannot be used for silkworms. European fabrics have largely super- 

 seded the clothing made of this plant in the South-Sea-Islands. 



Buchloe dactyloides, Engelmann. 



The true Buffalo-grass of Kansas, also known as one of the 

 mesquite-grasses, naturally extending from Canada to Texas, form- 

 ing a large proportion of the food of the buffaloes on the prairies 

 [Engelmann]. Dioecious, creeping, only rising to half a foot or less, 

 but overpowering the Boutelouas. It is extremely fattening, but 

 apt to be suppressed by coarser grasses on ground, where these are 

 not trampled out or kept down by pasture-animals. One of the 

 best of summer-grasses, resisting also some frost. 



Buddlea Asiatica, Loureiro. 



Continental and insular India up to 7,000 feet, thence to China, 

 the Philippines and New Guinea. Shrub, attaining to 15 feet; 

 eligible for ornamental copses ; flowers produced in profusion, sweet- 

 scented. B. variabilis (Hemsley) is among the Chinese species 

 one of the most ornamental. 



