102 ^ \^" JSelect* PfiaTtfg.for Industrial Culture and 



to lat. 71 7'. A wholesome adjunct, if interspersed among the 

 herbs of sheep-pastures. Likes marly soil. It might be naturalised 

 even on our alps, and also along the sea-shores. The Caraway-oil is 

 accompanied by two chemical principles : carven and carvol. Among 

 the many purposes for which it is employed is that of entering into 

 the scents of soaps and cheap essences of perfumery [Piesse] ; still 

 more used in the preparation of some liqueurs. The root enlarges 

 through culture and becomes edible. The seeds will keep three years 

 [Vilmorin]. On rich soil, in Essex, as much as 20 cwt. seeds on an 

 acre have been produced [G-. Don]. Royle mentions two varieties 

 or allied plants from Upper India. 



Carum ferulifolium, Boissier. (Bunium ferulifolium, Desfontaines.) 



A perennial herb of the Mediterranean regions. The small 

 tubers are edible. 



Carum Gairdneri, A. Gray. 



Western North-America, particularly in the Sierra Nevada. A 

 biennial herb, the tuberous root of which furnishes an article of 

 food as well as the root of the allied Calif ornian C. Kelloggii (A. 

 Gray). Greyer probably had this plant in view, when he mentions 

 the tubers of an umbelliferous plant, which are among the dainty 

 dishes of the nomadic Oregon-natives. The truly delicious root 

 bursts on being boiled, showing its snowy white farinaceous sub- 

 stance, which has a sweet cream-like taste, and somewhat the 

 aroma of parsley-leaves [Lindley]. 



Carum incrassatum, Boissier. (Bulbocastanum incrassatum, Lange.) 



The " Talmuda." Spain, Morocco, Algier. This herb produces 

 fair-sized tubers, which are tender and floury, and consumed by the 

 aboriginal Algerians either raw or roasted or boiled. Prof. Naudin 

 thinks that these tubers could be so improved by cultivation as to 

 become available as a table-esculent. 



Carum Petroselinum, Bentham.* (Apium Petroselinum, Linn.) 



The Parsley. South-Europe, North-Africa, and Orient. This 

 biennial, well-known culinary herb is always desirable on pastures, 

 also as a preventive or curative of some kidney- and liver-diseases of 

 sheep, horses and cattle. In Norway it is hardy to lat. 70 

 [Schuebeler]. The root of a particular variety is also valuable for 

 the table. Vilmorin mentions that the seeds (or fruitlets) will keep 

 fully three years. Rev. H. Kempe found the seeds to mature well 

 in the gardens of Central Australia. The plant was much used for 

 garlands and wreaths in ancient times [Dr. Schweinfurth]. The 

 essential oil of the fruits contains a peculiar stearopten. Mr. J. W. 

 Fedaro had individual plants of a very curly variety growing 

 uninterruptedly for nineteen years without seeding ; pieces taken 

 from them grow readily, continuing the variety. 



