Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 109; 



Oasuarina glauca, Sieber. 



Widely distributed through South-Eastern Australia, even in 

 desert-country, but nowhere forming forest-like masses. This 

 species attains in favorable places a height of 80 feet. Its hard 

 durable wood is valuable ; used for staves, shingles and various 

 utensils [Woolls]. Important for its rapid growth, for its resistance 

 to exposure, for shelter-plantation and for speedy supply of fuel, a 

 remark which applies to the following species also. Much liked for 

 food by dromedaries [Sir Th. Elder]. 



Casuarina quadrivalvis, La Billiardtere. 



The Coast-Sheoak of South-Eastern Australia. Not living merely 

 in coast-sand, but also on other barren places, reaching the inland- 

 hills. Attains a height of 60 feet. The foliage of this species is 

 drooping. The male tree is very eligible for avenues, but the female 

 less slightly. Cattle are fond of the foliage; indeed it is a "stay-by" 

 to all kinds of stock in drought, branches then being lopped from 

 the trees for feed. For arresting the ingress of coast-sand by belts 

 of timber this is one of the most important trees. It produces seed 

 early and copiously like other Casuarinas, and is easily raised. 

 Weight of a cubic foot of dry wood from 58'3 to 64'3 [Rummel]. 

 The foliage, like that of the other species, is acidulous from a crystal- 

 lisable substance allied to bicitrate of lime. The chewing of it allays 

 thirst. 



Casuarina suberosa, Willdenow. 



The erect-branched Sheoak of South-Eastern Australia. Height 

 reaching 40 feet. A beautiful shady species. Casuarina trichodon 

 (Miq.) and C. Huegeliana (Miq.) are aboreous species of South- 

 western Australia, valuable for their wood. 



Casuarina torulosa, Aiton. 



New South Wales and Queensland. Attains a height of 70 feet. 

 The tough ornamental wood of this handsome tree is in demand for 

 durable shingles and furniture-work, as well as for staves and veneers ; 

 it is also one of the best for oven-fuel. Mr. A. R. Crawford recom- 

 mends the wood for rifle-stocks, but thinks it is too heavy for shot- 

 guns. Sawdust of this wood renders water reddish, imparts a bitter 

 not unpleasant taste, and produces a laxative effect. 



Catalpa bignonioides, Walter. 



Southern States of North- America, extending to Illinois. A tree 

 of rapid growth in warm humid climates, attaining a height of about 

 20 feet in four years. Professor Meehan observed the stem to attain 

 a diameter of 4 feet in twenty years, even in the latitude of New 

 York. Rate of growth in the clime of Nebraska, as recorded by 

 Governor Furnas, considerably less. In many parts of the United 



