Naturalisation in Extra Tropical Countries. 117 



Chserophyllum bulbosum, Linne". 



Middle Europe and Western Asia. The Parsnip-Chervil. A 

 biennial herb. The root a very palatable culinary esculent, con- 

 siderably richer in starch than potatoes. To be kept some time 

 before consumed [Vilmorin]. 



Chserophyllum macrospermum, Fischer and Meyer. 



Turkey and Persia, in the cool regions, ascending to alpine eleva- 

 tions. A biennial herb, the sweetish root of which serves as a 

 culinary vegetable. 



Chamsedora elatior, Martius. 



Mexico, at an elevation of 4-5,000 feet. This graceful palm 

 attains only a height of about 12 feet, and bears some frost. With 

 many of its congeners available for table-decoration. The oldest 

 generic names are Morenia and Nunezharia. 



Chamserops excelsa, Thunberg.* (Trachycarpus excelsus, Wendland.) 



Southern China, as far north as Napong, also in Japan. This 

 Fan-palm is highly desirable, although not so tall as the name would 

 indicate. The hardiest of all palms ; has stood 3 F. with only a 

 slight litter [Count de Saporta]. Hardy in the mild middle coast- 

 regions of England. Cordage prepared from the leaves does not 

 decay in water [Dupont]. Rate of growth while young at Melbourne 

 about 1 foot a year. The hairy covering of the stem of this palm 

 and of Livistona Chinensis is utilized for fixing lime-plaster to 

 buildings in Japan [Christie]. C. Fortunei [Hooker], the Chusan- 

 palm from North-China, is a variety or closely allied species. It 

 attains a height of about 30 feet, and endures considerable frost. 

 The leaves can be employed for plaiting palm-hats, the fibrous leaf- 

 sheaths for making brushes, brooms and cordage. Other hardy 

 palms might be naturalized and used for various purposes here, 

 irrespective of their ornamental features. 



Chamserops humilis, Linn6. 



The Dwarf Fan-Palm of South-Europe, North Africa and the 

 most south-western parts of Asia. Growth satisfactory up to 44 N. 

 Height to 20 feet. It is very ornamental for gardens and plantations, 

 and particularly eligible for scenic effect. Hats, mats, baskets, fans 

 and brushes are made from the leaves. 



Chamserops Khasyana, Griffith. (Trachycarpus Khasyanus, H. Wend- 



lancT) 



In the Himalayas, at elevations from 4,000 to 8,000 feet, also 

 according to Kurz in dry pine-forests of Martaban and Ava. 



