160 Select Plants for Industrial Culture and 



hard ; the same plants live through a long series of years, and can be 

 cut twice or thrice each season without application of manure. It is 

 generally liked by cattle, unless when by understocking or neglect it 

 has been allowed to become rank. Langethal observes : " What the 

 Timothy-grass is for the more dry sandy ground, that is the Cocksfoot- 

 grass for more binding soil, and no other (European) grass can be 

 compared to it for copiousness of yield, particularly if the soil con- 

 tains a fair quantity of lime. It grows quickly again after the first 

 cutting, and comes early on in the season. It is much grown in New 

 Zealand for harvesting the seeds. The nutritive power of this grass 

 is of first-class. The chemical analysis, made very late in spring, 

 gave the following results : Albumen 1'87, gluten 7*11, starch 1*05, 

 gum 4'47, sugar 3' 19 per cent. [Yon Mueller and Rummel]. 



Dactylis litoralis, Willdenow. (Aeluropus laevis, Trinius.) 



From the Mediterranean Sea to Siberia. This stoloniferous grass 

 can be utilised for binding coast-sands ; but it is of greater importance 

 still in sustaining a Kermes-insect (Porphyrophora Hamelii), which 

 produces a beautiful purple dye [Simmonds.] 



Dalbergia latifolia, Roxburgh. 



India, up to cool but not cold regions. A tree with deciduous 

 foliage, attaining a height of 80 feet. Produces numerous suckers, 

 particularly on shallow soil, from which young trees arise ; this 

 greatly facilitates the propagation of the tree [S. H. Korders].' The 

 wood tough and heavy, in local request for ornamental furniture, 

 yokes, wheels, ploughs, knees of boats ; its colour from nut-brown to 

 dark-purplish, streaked and spotted with lighter hues [Brandis, 

 Gamble]. It has fetched as much as 13 10s. per ton in England 

 [Watt]. 



Dalbergia Melanoxylon, Guillemin and Perrottet. 



Tropical Africa, extending to Southern Egypt. A small tree with 

 spiny branches ; the wood described variously as blackish and 

 purplish ; according to Colonel Grant used for arrow-tips, wooden 

 hammers and other select implements. 



Dalbergia Miscolobium, Bentham. 



Southern Brazil. This tree supplies a portion of the Jacaranda- 

 wood [Tschudi]. 



Dalbergia nigra, Allemao. 



Brazil, down to the Southern Provinces. A tall tree, likely to 

 prove hardy in warmer extra-tropic regions. It yields a portion or 

 the Jacaranda- or Palisander-Wood, also Caviuna-Wood, which fof 

 rich furniture have come into European use. Several Brazilian 

 species of Machasrium afford, according to Saldanha da Gama, a 



