Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 215 



(Grisebach). Hieronymus adduces similarly E. ligustrina (Willde- 

 now) and E. edulis (Bentham), the fruit of the latter species being of 

 apple-size. 



Eugenia Zeyheri, Harvey. 



South-Africa, A tree attaining about 20 feet in height. The 

 berries are of cherry- size and edible. The relative value of the 

 fruits of many Asiatic, African and American species of Eugenia 

 remains to be ascertained ; many of them doubtless furnish also 

 good timber, and all more or less essential oil. All such, even tropi- 

 cal trees, should be tested in warm tracts of the temperate zone, 

 inasmuch as many of them endure a cooler clime than is generally 

 supposed. 



Euonymus atropurpureus, Jacquin. 



The "Waahoo" of Eastern North-America. A tall shrub, the 

 bark of which is used in medicine, and from it the euonymin, an 

 oleo-resin as a cholagogue is prepared. To this species is closely 

 allied L. occidentalis (Nuttall) from Oregon and California. 



Euonymus Japonicus, Linne filius. 



China and Japan. This evergreen shrub can be used for 

 forming hedges ; it is easily multiplied by layers and requires little 

 care in cultivation. The wood of several species of Euonymus 

 affords superior coal for gunpowder. 



Eupatorium laeve, De Candolle. (E. tinctorium, Pohl. ) 



Paraguay. A shrub of remarkably prolific and vigorous growth 

 [E. H. Egerton]. Competes almost with the indigo- plant for dye. 

 It can be stripped of its leaves four times a year without injury to 

 the plant [Dr. W. Thiselton Dyer]. 



Eupatorium purpureum, Linne. 



Eastern North-America. "Queen of the Meadows." A peren- 

 nial herb, easily naturalised ; has come into medicinal use as a 

 powerful diuretic ; so also E. perfoliatum, L., the " Thoroughwort " 

 or " Boneset " ; these with other species are also not unimportant 

 as honey-plants ; so of the same order in N. America species of 

 Actinomeris and Prenanthes. 



Eupatorium triplinerve, Vahl. (E. Ayapana, Ventenat.) 



Central America. A perennial somewhat shrubby herb, possibly 

 hardy in the warmer parts of extra-tropical countries. It contains 

 eupatorin and much essential oil peculiar to the plant. It stands 

 locally in renown as a remedy against ophidian poisons, and evidently 

 possesses important medicinal properties. A tanning extract is 

 prepared for the English market from this herb, containing about 20 

 per cent, tannic acid. 



