Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 243 



variety occurs. This is the tallest of all cotton-bushes, and it is 

 probably this species, which occurs in the valleys of the Andes as 

 a small tree, bearing its cotton, while frosts whiten the ground 

 around, 



Gossypium Taitense, Parlatore. (G. religiosum, Banks and Solander.) 



In several islands of the Pacific Ocean. A shrub. Petals white. 

 Seeds disconnected, glabrous after the removal of the fulvous cotton- 

 fibre, which does not separate with readiness. 



Gossypium tomentosum, Nuttall. (G. Sandmcense, Parlatore. G. rel\- 

 giosum, A. Gray.) 



Hawaia. Perennial. Petals yellow. Seeds disconnected, after 

 the removal of the tawny cotton-fibre fulvous-velvety, not easily 

 parting with their cotton. Staple very short. The roots are a 

 powerful remedial agent, which however should only be used in 

 legitimate medical practice. The barks of Hamamelis Virginiana 

 and Viburnum prunifolium are antidotes [Phares and Durham]. 

 The seeds are a galactagogue. 



For limitation of species and varieties Parlatore's " Specie dei 

 Cotoni" (Florence, 1866) and Todaro's " Osservazioni su Cotone " 

 may be consulted. Information on culture may be sought in Porter's 

 " Tropical Agriculturist " and in Mallet's work on " Cotton " 

 (London, 1862). 



The following notes were written for the use and guidance of 

 Victorian colonists : 



There are many parts of our colony, in which all these species of 

 Gossypium could be cultivated, and where a fair or even prolific 

 cotton-crop may be obtained. Good cotton for instance has been 

 produced on the Goulburn, the Loddon, the Avoca and the Murray- 

 Kiver, particularly in places where water could be applied. All 

 cultivated kinds of cotton-plants are either naturally perennials or 

 become such in favorable climes, although they may be treated 

 strictly as annuals. Some of them will indeed in particular instances 

 grow to the height of 20 feet. The geographical parallels, between 

 which cotton-culture is usually placed, stretch in various girdles 

 between 36 north latitude and 36 south latitude. According to 

 General Capron, cotton is grown in Japan to 40 north latitude, but 

 superior quality is not obtained north of 35. 



The cotton-culture in the Southern States of North-America 

 utilised seven million acres before the civil war, cultivated by a 

 million and a half of Negroes ; India has now 14 million acres in 

 cotton, as much as the United States in 1879, the yield in the latter 

 being at an average nearly half a bale per acre, and the export 

 thence in 1881 in value about 260 millions of dollars [J. R. Dodge] ; 

 in 1883 the cotton-area of the United States was 16,777,993 acres ; 

 in 1882 the cotton-yield there 6,957,000 bales. Brockhaus estimates 

 ihe total yield of cotton in 1890-91 at 2,800,000 tons, of which the 



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