258 Select Plants for Industrial Culture and 



leading culture-plants, would have been on reliable record. Barley 

 can, by proper choice of season, even be grown in Central- Australia. 

 The cultivation of this cereal extends further northward and south- 

 ward than that of wheat, oats and rye in the northern hemisphere, 

 because it comes to maturity quickly enough to avoid the high 

 temperature and also any dryness of the hot clime, as well as the 

 low temperature of the autumns of the cold zone. Thus, hardy 

 varieties still succeed even in the Faroe-Islands. Several varieties 

 occur, among them : the Spring- and Winter-barley, Black barley, 

 the Russian, the French, the Naked and the Wheat-barley. Pearl- 

 barley is obtained from the winter-variety, which also surpasses 

 Summer-barley in rigour of stems and rich and early yield, it being 

 the earliest cereal in the season ; the straw is copious and nutri- 

 tious, and the grain is rich in gluten, hence far better adapted for 

 flour than for malt. Highly important also for alcoholic distillation. 

 Summer-barley also passes under the name of Sand-barley. It is 

 inferior in yield to H. distichon, but is content with a less fertile, 

 even sandy soil, and comes to ripeness in a month's less time. In 

 alpine regions it ripens with a summer of sixty or seventy days with- 

 out frost. In Norway it can be grown to lat. 70 [Schuebeler]. 

 The Naked Barley is superior to many other varieties for peeled 

 barley, but inferior for brewing ; the grain is also apt to drop 

 [Langethal]. Malt is important as an antiscorbutic remedy. Chemi- 

 cal principles of malt : asparagin, a protein substance, diastase, an 

 acid and cholesterin-fat. Maltine is a therapeutic extract. 



Hordeum zeocriton, Linue.* 



Central Asia. A Two-rowed Barley. To this species belong the 

 Sprat-, the Battledore-, the Fulham- and the Putney-barley, the 

 Rice-barley, the Turkish barley and the Dinkel. This species might 

 be regarded as a variety of A. distichon. The grains do not drop 

 spontaneously, and this kind is securer than others against sparrows ; 

 requires however a superior soil and is harder in straw [Langethal]. 



Hovenia dulcis, Thunberg. 



Himalaya /China, Japan. The pulpy fruit-stalks of this tree are 

 edible. The plant is hardy still at Philadelphia ; it dislikes drought. 

 H. insequalis (De Candolle) and H. acerba (Lindley) are mere 

 varieties of this species. 



Humulus Lupulus, Linn.* 



The Hop-plant. Temperate zone of Europe, Asia and North- 

 America. Very hardy, being indigenous in Norway to lat. 64 12' 

 and cultivated to lat. 69 40' [Schuebeler]. This twining perennial 

 unisexual plant is known to yield enormously on river-banks in 

 rich soil or on fertile slopes, where irrigation can be effected. A 

 pervious, especially alluvial soil, fertile through manure or other- 

 wise, appliances for irrigation natural or artificial, and also shelter 



