Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 269 



Jasminum odoratissimum, Linne.* 



Madeira. Shrubby like the rest. Flowers yellow. Used like 

 the foregoing and following for perfumery. This may be prepared 

 by spreading the flowers upon wool or cotton, slightly saturated with 

 olive or other fixed oil, and covering them with other layers so pre- 

 pared. The flowers are renewed from time to time until the oil is 

 thoroughly pervaded by the scent, when the latter is withdrawn by 

 alcohol. Other modes of extracting the oil seem feasible. 



Jasminum officinale, Linne.* 



From the Caucasus to China. Flowers white. This is the prin- 

 cipal species cultivated in South-Europe for its scent. In Cannes 

 and Nice about 180,000 Ibs. of jasmin-flowers are produced annually 

 for distillation [Regel]. By Simmonnet's process the essence of 

 jasmin is solidified as jasminin. 



Jasminum Sambac, Alton. 



From India to Japan. It has the richest perfume of all. The 

 bush attains a height of 20 feet, and is almost climbing. The flowers 

 are white, and must be collected in the evening before expansion. 

 The relative value of many other species of jasmin, nearly all from 

 the warmest parts of Asia, seems in no instance to have been ascer- 

 tained, so far as their oils or scents are concerned. The Australian 

 species are also deliciously fragrant, amongst which J. lineare, Br., 

 occurs in Victorian deserts ; while also J. didymum, Forst., J. race- 

 mosum, F. v. M., J. simplicifolium, Forst., J. calcareum, F. v. M., 

 and J. suavissimum, Lindl., reach extra-tropical latitudes. 



Joannesia princeps, Vellozo. (Anda Gomesii, A. de Jussieu.) 



Southern Brazil. A large tree, likely hardy in any region free of 

 frost. The oil of the seeds serves like that of Ricinus, with the 

 advantage of its fceing of rather pleasant taste, and being required in 

 much lesser quantity [Martius]. This oil, on account of its quickly 

 drying, has come into use also for painting in oil-colours [Rosen- 

 thai]. 



Jubsea spectabilis, Humboldt.* 



The tall and stout Coquito-Palm of Chili, extending spontaneously 

 to 37 South ; hardy still in Valdivia. Has endured at Montpellier 

 a winter-cold of 10 F. [Count Kerchove de Denterghem]. As hardy 

 as Pinus Halepensis, if not more so [Prof. Sahut]. The stem reaches 

 a height of 60 feet, and is tinged towards the middle ; the leaves arfc 

 sometimes 10 feet long. A kind of treacle is obtained from the sap 

 of this palm. A good tree will give 90 gallons of mellaginous sap 

 [C. Darwin]. This is condensed into a marketable Palm-honey, of 

 which according to a statement in the " Indian Forester," xvii., 7, 18, 

 in one of the warehouses of Palmas de Ocoa, 200,000 tins were 



