Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 303 



water contained rather more than 2 per cent, chlorides, and the wet 

 soil contained nearly 1 J per cent, chlorides (the contents of sea-water 

 being from 3 to 4 per cent, chlorides, or about 2^ per cent, chloride 

 of natrium). It yields also a comparatively large quantity of cajaput- 

 oil. It admits of easy transplantation, even when full-grown. 

 Myoporum insulare (R. Brown) and Leptospermum lanigerum (Aiton) 

 can in like manner be used in tree-plantations for the sake of shelter 

 on wet saline soil. The branches of M. ericifolia furnish the best 

 native material in South-Eastern Australia for easily worked and 

 lasting garlands. This species can be grown in swamps for hygienic 

 purposes by subduing paludal malaria or fever-provoking effluvia. 

 Growth to 26 feet height in nine years. The wood is tough and 

 useful for turnery [C. Walter], 



Melaleuca genistifolia, Smith. 



Northern and Eastern Australia. A tree, attaining 40 feet in 

 height, flowering in a shrubby state already, fond of banks of water- 

 courses. The copious flowers, according to Mr. C. French, attract 

 bees to an extraordinary degree. Bark capable of being separated 

 into membraneous layers. 



Melaleuca Leucadendron, Linne. 



The Cajaput-tree of India, North- and East- Australia as far extra- 

 tropical as 34 south latitude. Perhaps amenable to gradual accli- 

 matation in the cooler regions of Australia ; it will bear slight frost. 

 This tree attains a height of about 80 feet, with a stem reaching 4 

 feet in diameter, on tidal ground ; it can with great advantage be 

 utilised on such intra-tropic areas and in salt-swamps for subduing 

 malarian vapours, where no Eucalyptus will live. The lamellar bark 

 protects it against conflagrations. It is splendid for fruit-packing ; 

 oranges kept 4 months in it, lemons 5 months, apples 3 months. 

 The wood is fissile, hard and close-grained, regarded as almost im- 

 perishable underground, and resists the attacks of termites. It is 

 well adapted for posts, wharf -piles, ship-building and various artisans' 

 work. The foliage yields the well-known Cajaput-oil, so closely akin 

 to Eucalyptus-oil. Mr. K. Staiger obtained on distilling the leaves 

 as much as 2 per cent, of oil, which might be manufactured on a 

 large scale from ample material in many parts of Australia. It is 

 rich in Cineol. The tree should be extensively planted where yellow 

 fever occurs. The allied Callistemons (C. salignus, D.C., 60 feet 

 high, C. lanceolatus, D.C., 40 feet) produce a hard, heavy, close- 

 grained wood, suitable for wheelwrights' work and implements, prov- 

 ing very durable underground [W. Hill]. 



Melaleuca linarifolia, Smith. 



Eastern Australia. A tree, attaining finally a considerable height, 

 deserving attention as eligible for wet saline land, on which it can 

 be raised much more easily than Myoporum insulare. M. Thozet 



