356 Select Plants for Industrial Culture and 



according to C. Mohr, who mentions also P. anceps (L.) and P. Mans 

 (Elliott) as good fodder-grasses. 



Panicum tenuiflorum, R. Brown. (Paspalum brevifolium, Fluegge.) 



South-Asia and East-Australia. It has a running stem and forms 

 a good bottom as a pasture-grass [Bailey]. 



Panicum Texanum, Buckley. 



Texas. The " Colorado Bottom-grass," also called " Green River- 

 grass." One of the best of forage-grasses for horses, cattle and sheep ; 

 yields a sure crop, and produces 2 to 3 tons per acre [Vasey]. The 

 hay from this grass is of a superior kind ; it can be cut twice in the 

 season [Carrington]. This grass is however annual, but very leafy 

 and becomes decumbent and widely spreading ; growth rapid, many 

 stalks proceeding from the same root. Mr. P. Lea of Texas con- 

 siders it is the best native grass for hay there, and notes that all kinds 

 of pasture-animals like it preferentially, that the hay from this proved 

 also exceedingly nutritious, and that it subdues weeds readily. Mr. 

 Ravenel of Carolina found it there to come up spontaneously, much 

 better and larger than most other grasses. Height to 6 feet. 



Panicum turgidum, Forskael. 



Egypt, where this millet yields a bread-grain. 



Panicum virgatum, Linn. 



North-America. A tall perennial species, with a wide, nutritious 

 panicle. Easily disseminated. Content with sandy soil, but likes 

 some humidity. The foliage good for fodder when young. Frequent 

 on the prairies, but it will grow even also on sandy sea-coasts. It 

 passes in some places as Switch-grass. 



Panicum virlde, Linn. (Setaria viridis, Beauvois.) 



Widely spread over many parts of the old world. Though annual, 

 this grass is of value for the first vegetation on bare sand-land, over 

 which, as well as over calcareous soil, it spreads with remarkable 

 facility. The same may be said of Panicum glaucum and a few 

 other related species. 



Papaver somniferum, Linn6.* 



The Opium-Poppy. Countries on the Mediterranean Sea. The 

 capsules of this tall annual, so showy for its flowers, are used for 

 medicinal purposes. From the minute, but exceedingly numerous seeds, 

 oil of a harmless and most palatable kind can be pressed remunera- 

 tively. India exports of these seeds 25,000 tons annually [Dr. Gr. 

 Watt]. But the still more important use of this plant is for the pre- 

 paration of opium. Both the black- and pale-seeded varieties can be 



