388 Select Plants for Industrial Culture and 



Pinus Fortune!, Parlatore. (Abies Jezoensis, Lindley.) 



China, in the neighbourhood of Foo-Chow-Foo. A splendid fir, 

 to 70 feet high, somewhat similar in habit to P. Cedrus. 



Pinus Fraseri, Pursh. (Abies Fraserl, Lindley.) 



Double Balsam-Fir. On high mountains of Carolina and Penn- 

 sylvania. This tree, which grows to a height of about 20 feet only, 

 yields with P. balsamea the well-known Canada-balsam. Not sur- 

 passed in endurance of low temperature by any Pine, and perhaps 

 by no other tree, as it survived in Finland a cold of 35 F., at which 

 the hardiest sorts of trees succumbed [E. Adrian, L. Moeller]. 



Pinus Gerardiana, Wallich. 



Nepal Nut-Pine. In the north-eastern parts of the Himalayas 

 at an elevation of 10,000 to 12,000 feet, extending to Afghanistan. 

 With P. Deodara, P. excelsa, P. Webbiana, P. Smithiana, and Juni- 

 perus excelsa reaching the highest regions of pine-forests in 

 Southern Asia. The tree attains a height of 60 feet, with a com- 

 paratively short stem, exceptionally 10 feet in girth, and produces 

 very sweet edible seeds nearly an inch long, also turpentine. Hoopes 

 refers to it as remarkable for the copiousness of its resin. In 

 reference to the nut-seeds the proverb prevails at Kunawar, " One 

 tree a man's life in winter." 



Pinus glabra, Walter. 



From Florida to the Mississippi, particularly in low hummocks 



CDr. Chapman]. Allied to P. mitis. It attains, according to Prof. 

 . Mohr, a height of about 80 feet, stem-diameter to 3 feet. Requires 

 good moist soil ; growth comparatively quick ; shade enduring. 

 Wood light, soft, easily worked, not resinous, fit as regards building 

 purposes only for inside work [Hon. J. Colman]. Wood comparable 

 to that of P. Strobus [Dr. Porcher]. 



Pinus grandis, Douglas. (Abies grandis, Lindley.) 



From California to British Columbia. Great Silver-Fir, also 

 known as the Yellow Fir. A splendid quick-growing fir, to 200 

 feet high and upwards, growing best in moist valleys of high ranges. 

 The stem occasionally attains a diameter of 7 feet at 130 feet from 

 the ground, and of 6 feet at 200 ; concentric wood-growth of stem 

 as much as 1 inch in a year ; height reached by the tree in Wales 75 

 feet in 33 years [A. D. Webster]. Trees occur of 15 feet stem- 

 diameter and 320 feet high. The wood is pale and soft, too light 

 and brittle, according to Dr. Vasey, for general purposes ; while 

 Prof. Brewer asserts, that it is employed for boards, boxes, cooperage, 

 and even much sought for ship-building, but it seems fit only for 

 inside work ; it is of pleasant scent. Rate of upward growth in 

 favorable places about 2i feet in a year. P. subalpina (Engelmann) 

 is closely cognate. 



