Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 405 



especial utilitarian inquiries. Pines are the leading trees for impart- 

 ing that permanent green into landscapes, derivable almost solely 

 from Conifers in cold climes, and all the more appreciated by refined 

 taste for mass-planting with wider scope in zones of evergreen 

 vegetation, where most kinds of trees with deciduous foliage, how- 

 ever eligible for street-planting, are out of their element, and look 

 only for about two months lovely, for two passable, for two unsightly 

 and without winterly surroundings for six months dead, and that 

 during the very time of the most beautiful general verdure. For 

 many synonyms of pines see Dr. Masters' essay in the " Journal of the 

 Linnean Society," 1881. 



Piptadenia Cebil, Grisebach. (Acacia Cebil, Grisebach.) 



La Plata-States. A tree, attaining 60 feet in height, there 

 furnishing a tan-bark of fair strength [Hieronymus~|. 



Piptadenia rigida, Bentham. 



Sub-tropical and extra-tropical South-America. This acacia-like 

 tree furnishes the angico-gum, similar to gum arabic. The wood, 

 according to Saldana da Gama, serves for naval constructions. 



Pipturus propinquus, Weddell. 



Insular India, South-Sea Islands and warmer parts of East- 

 Australia. This bush is higher and rather more hardy than Boeh- 

 meria nivea ; in fibre it is similar to that plant. P. velutinus (Wedd.) 

 is closely allied. The few other species serve probably as well for 

 fibre. 



Pircunia dioica, Moquin. (Phytolacca dioica, Linn. ) 



Southern Brazil and La Plata-States. The Ombu. A deciduous 

 tree for shady avenues, grown in South-Europe as well as in many 

 other mild countries ; shown by the writer of this work to be hardy 

 in the lowlands of Victoria. It attains a height of about 60 feet, 

 and is comparatively quick of growth. Apt to be snapped off, when 

 exposed to any gales [Prof. MacOwan]. The plant is also of some 

 medicinal value, like the allied Phytolacca decandra (Linne) ; the 

 use of the berries of the latter for colouring wine is objectionable, as 

 they are deleterious. 



Piscidia erythrina, Linn. 



West-Indies and Florida. "Jamaica-Dogwood/' A tree, reach- 

 ing a height of about 30 feet. The bark has come into medicinal 

 use, particularly as an hypnotic. 



Pisonia aculeata, Linn. 



Tropical and sub-tropical countries of both hemispheres, extending 

 as a native plant into New South Wales. This rambling prickly 

 bush can be chosen for hedge-copses. 



