Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 449 



Quercus infectoria, Olivier. 



Countries on the Mediterranean Sea, extending to Persia. A tree, 

 deciduous in its foliage. The galls of commerce are chiefly obtained 

 from this species, through the puncture of a Cynips. A variety or 

 closely allied species, Q. Lusitanica (Webb) or Q. Mirbeckii (Durieu) 

 the Zeen-Oak, reaches a height of 120 feet, with a stem-girth of 20 

 feet. Some forms of this are almost evergreen, and then particularly 

 eligible as promenade-trees. 



Quercus lamellosa, Smith.* 



From Nepal to Naga and Bootan, up to 10,000 feet. A magnifi- 

 cent oak, reaching a tallness of 120 feet ; stem-girth to 30 feet. 

 Acorns with cups to nearly 3 inches in diameter. Wood used for 

 beams, posts, frames, rafters, not subject to warping. The bark 

 serves well for tan. The trees enters prominently into forest-culture 

 at Darjeeling [Gamble]. 



Quercus lancifolia, Roxburgh (not Chamisso nor Bentham). 



A tall evergreen timber-tree of the Himalayas, extending to Upper 

 Burmah. Wood valued for its durability, pale, hard ; its medullary 

 rays exceedingly fine [Sir D. Brandis]. 



Quercus lobata, Nee. 



Mexico and California. The Sacramento White Oak or " Roble." 

 A tree finally about 150 feet high, with a stem to 6 feet or exception- 

 ally 8 feet in diameter, with wide-spreading branches, which often 

 bend to the ground. Hardy in Middle Europe [C. Koch]. The wood 

 is brittle when fresh, but hard and tough when seasoned ; its value 

 has been much underrated [Gibbons]. The acorns of this oak used 

 to form a large proportion of the winter-food of the aboriginal inhabi- 

 tants of North-California. 



Quercus lyrata, Walter. 



The Overcup-Oak of the South-Eastern States of North- America, 

 extending from South Illinois to Florida and Louisiana. A tree of 

 majestic size, with a stem to 4 feet in diameter. Lately recommended 

 as valuable for timber-cultivation, especially in wet ground. 



Quercus macrocarpa. Michaux. 



The Burr-Oak of Eastern North- America. Tree to about 70 feet 

 high ; stem-diameter sometimes 8 feet. Hardy at Christiania. 

 Requires better soil than many other oaks. The timber regarded 

 by some almost as good as that of the white oak ; it is heavy, hard, 

 strong, and tough ; in contact with soil it is one of the most durable 

 among that of American oaks [B. E. Fernow]. Accounts from Canada 

 are far less favorable to this wood. The bark contains about 8 per 

 cent, tannin. Circumferential stern-measurement after 22 years' 

 growth 3^ feet in Nebraska [Furnas], 



2G 



