Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 477 



fruits of many of these Rubi. Hybridising might be tried. R. 

 Nutkanus (Mocino) is the Salmon-Raspberry of Western North- 

 America and closely allied to R. odoratus. 



Riibus parvifolius, 



East- Asia, Eastern and Southern Australia. It produces much 

 finer fruits in the Alps of Australia than in the lowlands. It 

 extends as a native to Japan, where according to Maximowicz 22 

 species of Rubus exist, many of them endemic, and probably some 

 eligible for special fruit-culture. 



Rubus phcsnicolasius, Maximowicz. 



Japan. A raspberry-bramble with fruits of fair taste. Shy ta 

 frosts of severity. 



Rubus rosifolius, Smith. 



Tropical and sub-tropical regions of Africa and Asia, ascending 

 the Himalayas to about 10,000 feet, also occurring throughout the 

 literal forests of East-Australia. In woody regions this shrub bears 

 an abundance of fruits of large size, and these early and long in the 

 season, though not so excellent as those of many other species. 

 Also a native of New Guinea. 



Rubus rugosus, Smith.* 



In the mountainous parts of India, ascending the higher regions* 

 A tall climber, evergreen at all events in mild climates. Introduced 

 by the writer of this work into Australia. Richly bearing near Port 

 Phillip [G-. W. Robinson] , where it produces fruit all the year round. 

 Fruit comparatively large, from dark-red turning black. Jam from 

 it exquisite. Allied to R. Moluccanus. 



i 

 Rubus spectabilis, Pursh. 



The Salmon-berry of Oregon, California and New Mexico. Closely 

 allied to R. Nutkanus, but the stem nearly evergreen and ramification 

 persistent and prickly. Fruit large, red or yellow or salmon-coloured, 

 raspberry-like. Mr. L. Burbank records that the stems will reach a 

 height of 20 feet and occasionally a foot in diameter. Fruit larger 

 than any raspberry, but not so well tasted. Crop always abundant. 

 Fruit ripe when other raspberries are only in bloom [Professor 

 Meehan] . Requires moist sandy land. Promising for hybridisation. 



Rubus strigosus, Michaux.* 



Eastern North-America, extending to Canada. Closely allied to 

 the European raspberry. Its fruits large, of excellent taste. 



