Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 491 



Santalum cygnorum, Miquel. 



South-Western Australia, where this small tree furnishes scented 

 santal-wood. The wood on distillation yields nearly 2 per cent, oil 

 [Seppelt and Noyes], It answers also well for select cabinet-work. 

 Export during 1885, 4,527 tons, at a value of 36,216. Among 

 Australian trees Olea paniculata (R. Brown) has also a nicely scented 



wood. 



i 



Santalum. Preissianum, Miquel. (S. acuminatum, A. de Candolle.) 



The Quandong. Desert-country of extra-tropical Australia. The 

 fruits of this small tree are called Native Peaches. As both the 

 succulent outer part and kernel are edible, it is advisable to raise the 

 plant in desert-tracts. Dromedaries, according to Mr. E. Giles, feed 

 on the foliage ; so do sheep. The wood is used by the aborigines for 

 procuring fire by friction [R. Bennett]. 



Santalum Yasi, Seemann. 



The Santal-tree of the Fiji-Islands, where it grows on dry and 

 rocky hills. It is likely to prove hardy, and deserves, on account 

 of its powerful scent, with a few other species from the South-Sea 

 Islands, yielding scented wood, test-culture in warm temperate 

 regions. 



Santolina Chamse-Cyparissus, Linne. 



Countries on the Mediterranean Sea. A very aromatic and hand- 

 some bush, of medicinal value. There are several allied species. 



Saponaria officinalis, Linne. 



The Soapwort or Fuller's Herb. Europe, Northern and Western 

 Asia. Hardy in Norway to lat. 63 26' [Schuebeler]. A perennial 

 herb of some technologic interest, as the root can be employed with 

 advantage in some final processes of washing silk and wool, to which 

 it imparts a peculiar gloss and dazzling whiteness, without injuring 

 in the least any subsequent application of the most sensitive colours. 

 The same purpose serves Saponaria Struthium (Loeffling) of Spain. 

 Both have also medicinal value. 



Sassafras officinale, Hayne. 



The deciduous Sassafras-tree, indigenous from Canada to Florida, 

 occurring in dry open woods. Height sometimes to 80 feet ; the 

 stem has been known to attain a girth of more than 19 feet at 3 feet 

 from the ground. It furnishes the medicinal sassafras-bark and wood, 

 and from this again an essential oil is obtainable. The deciduous 

 and often jagged leaves are remarkable among those of Lauraceae ; 

 they are used as a condiment in cookery. The root-bark contains 58 

 per cent, tannin [Reinsch]. The wood ranks also as a material for a 

 lasting dye ; for turnery it is easily worked, and proved of great 

 resistance to the influence of water [Dr. C. Mohr], 



