Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 525 



at Fortnigal, in Perthshire, had before its mutilation a stem- 

 circumference of 52 feet. It should be kept out of the reach of 

 grazing animals, as leaves and fruit are deadly poisonous. In 

 England the tree has lately become subject to destructive attacks 

 of a fungus, the Sphaerella Taxi (Cooke). Some horticulturists 

 cut the yew fancifully into various shapes. The boughs afford 

 some of the best of living greens for garlands and other decorative 

 purposes. T. cuspidata (Siebold) is a-closely cognate Japan- Yew. 



Taxus brevifolia, Nuttall. (T. Lindleyana, Lawson.) ^ 



Western Yew. North-Western America. A stately tree, finally 

 to 75 feet high, with a stem to 5 feet in circumference. Wood 

 beautifully whitish or slightly yellow or rose-coloured, tough, very 

 hard and remarkably elastic ; as fine and close-grained as that of 

 the European Yew. The savages use it for their bows. Sir Joseph 

 Hooker regards this as well as the Japanese and some other yews 

 all as forms of one species. 



Tecoma Capensis, Lindley. 



South-Africa. One of the most glorious of autumnal flowering 

 shrubs, admitted here as an evergreen hedge-plant for gardens. 



Tectona grandis, Linn6 fil.* 



The " Teak " of South- Asia, reaching the Philippines. This superb 

 timber- tree has its northern limit in Bandalkhand, at elevations of 

 3,000 feet ; it ascends to 4,000 feet, but is then not of tall size ; it 

 extends to the Sunda-Islands and New Guinea ; likes rather open 

 forest-land. In Western India, according to Stewart and Brandis, 

 frost is not uncommon in the teak-districts. In eastern subtropic 

 Australia it has produced fruits, from the seeds of which new trees 

 have been raised. The leaves drop annually. Teak-wood is held in 

 the highest esteem by ship-builders ; for the backing of ironclad 

 men-of-war preferred to any other wood ; also used for the panels of 

 coaches, and for various other select purposes unsurpassed. It 

 scarcely shrinks. Price now in London 15 for 50 cubic feet. 



Tectona Hamiltoniana, Wallich. 



Lower India, yields the Burma-wood, which is heavy, close- 

 grained, streaked and susceptible to a high polish. In habit and 

 size it is similar to the ordinary Teak [Kurz], but perhaps not so 

 hardy. 



Teinostachyum attermatum, Munro. 



One of the hardier Bamboos of Ceylon, there growing on the 

 mountains at elevations between 4,000 and 6,000 feet. It attains 

 a height of about 25 feet. Three species of this genus from New 



