Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 531 



musical instruments, particularly pianofortes. Specially valuable 

 for the cutting-boards of curriers and shoemakers, bowls, pails, 

 shovels, panelling of carriages [Robb]. As the wood is free from 

 knots, it is particularly eligible for turnery and carving and certain 

 portions of machinery. The tree is highly valued for street-planting 

 in its native land, where it also furnishes linden-bast or bass. This 

 is one of the principal honey-plants in many parts of the United 

 States. Quinby saw 25 Ibs. of honey gathered by a single swarm in 

 one day from Basswood-flowers, bees travelling gradually several 

 miles for them if necessary. For profusion and quality of honey the 

 flowers are unsurpassed [A. J. Cook]. Rate of stem-growth in 

 Nebraska 35 inches girth at 2 feet from the ground in fourteen years 

 [Furnas] . Wood used also for paper-pulp. 



Tilia argentea, Desfontaines. 



The Silver-Linden of South-Eastern Europe and Asia-Minor. The 

 wood is not attacked by boring insects. The flowers are deliciously 

 fragrant and yield a precious oil. The oldest specific name, accord- 

 ing to Prof. Koch, is T. tomentosa (Moench). 



Tilia dasystyla, Steven.* (T. euchlora, C. Koch.) 



Taurus and Caucasus. This tree is placed by F. Diel at the top 

 of the list of deciduous trees for street-planting ; very hardy ; resists 

 insects and fungs well. The leaves are dark-green, somewhat rigid, 

 and do not collect dust so readily as other linden-trees. Allied to 

 this species is T. rubra, D.C. 



Tilia Europsea, Linn. 



The common Linden-tree of Europe, extending naturally to Japan ; 

 the large-leaved variety (T. platyphylla, Scopoli) of South-European 

 origin, the small-leaved variety being T. cordifolia, Miller. It attains 

 a great age. A very hardy tree, living in Norway as far north as 

 lat. 67 56' [Schuebeler]. Introduced into Britain by the Romans 

 already. A tree at Neustadt in Wuerttemberg required in 1,550 

 stone columns to support its huge branches ; in 1664 the trunk was 

 37 feet in circumference, and the tree was considered then about 800 

 years old [A. P. de Candolle]. At Wiesbaden a Linden-tree exists 

 the recorded positive age of which is over 500 years [Juehlke]. 

 The Linden-tree of Trons became famed already 1424 and its trunk 

 had attained a circumference of 51 feet in 1798 [Prof. Sargent]. 

 Older still is a Linden-tree at Freiburg, its present age being 1,240 

 years. A weeping variety is known. Height sometimes to 120 feet ; 

 stem exceptionally to 50 feet in girth. One of the best of promenade- 

 trees in climes not too dry nor too hot. Wood pale, soft and close- 

 grained ; sought for turnery, piano-keys, carving ; used by shoe- 

 makers, saddlers and glovers, to cut leather on ; also for toys [Sim- 

 monds] and for paper-making. The flowers yield a highly aromatic 

 honey. The bast excellent for mats. 



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