Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 535 



Trifolium alpestre, Linn<5. 



Europe, Western Asia. Perennial. Content with lighter soil 

 than that needed for most clovers, but the constituents must be 

 fairly marly or limy. This clover is early out and very palatable to 

 herds and flocks [Langethal]. 



Trifolium fragiferum, Vaillant.* 



The Strawberry- or rather Raspberry-Clover. Europe, North- 

 Africa to Abyssinia, Middle and Northern Asia. Indigenous in 

 Norway to lat. 59 55'. A perennial species, well adapted for clay- 

 soils. Foliage closer and more tender than that of the white clover, 

 but its vegetation later [Langethal]. Morton recommends it for 

 moist sandy soil. It delights in ground much wetter than suits most 

 other clovers ; it spreads over humid pastures most readily, with a 

 growth more luxuriant than that of white clover, consequently stands 

 the summer-heat better, smothering most other plants and covering 

 the ground with a thick and close herbage. Cattle are very fond of 

 it, and fatten well on it [Geo. Black]. Would help to suppress the 

 Sorrel on pastures. 



Trifolium furcatum, Lindley. 



California. A stout and somewhat succulent species, with large 

 flower-heads. Affords good pasturage [A. Gray], and gets dissemi- 

 nated readily ; but it is annual. Several other native clovers occur 

 in Western North-America : 24 are described from California. 



Trifolium glomeratum, Linn6. 



Annual. Countries at or near the Mediterranean Sea, extending 

 indigenously to South-England. Will live even on sandy pastures, 

 spreads readily by dissemination on its own accord, helps to supplant 

 weeds, but fails in our autumn, when pasture-herbs are most wanted. 



Trifolium hybridum, Linn4.* 



The Alsike-Clover. Europe, Northern Africa, Western Asia, 

 Wild in Norway to lat. 63 50'. A valuable perennial pasture-herb, 

 particularly for swampy localities. It succeeds, where the ground 

 becomes too sandy for lucerne and too wet for red clover, but does 

 not withstand drought so well, while it produces a heavier bulk of 

 forage than white clover, and maintains its ground, when the soil 

 has become too much exhausted for other clovers. The best kind 

 for irrigation ; as nutritious as white clover, suitable for pasturage 

 as well as for mowing. The seed being very small, less than half 

 the quantity is required for the same area as of red clover. Much 

 frequented by bees for honey. 



