Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 545 



success by conveying any truffle in its native soil and locating it in 

 calcareous places of forest-regions. As a condiment or merely in a 

 roasted state, it affords an aromatic food. The famous Quercy- or 

 Perigord -Truffle is derived from this species. T. melanosporum 

 (Vittadini) from France, Germany and Italy, is of a still more ex- 

 quisite taste than T. cibarium indeed, of strawberry-flavour. T. 

 mesentericum (Vittad.) is also an excellent truffle. 



Tuber magnatum, Pico. 



Grey Truffle. South-Europe. One of the most esteemed of all 

 truffles, with some garlic-flavour. Hymenogaster Bulliardi (Vitta- 

 dini) and Melanogaster variegatus (Tulasne) of South-Europe are 

 also excellent truffles. 



Tuber rufum, Pico. 



Southern Europe, extending to Britain. Red Truffle, especially 

 in vineyards. Much used for food, but smaller than Terfezia- 

 Truffles. 



Tulipa Gessneriana, Linn6. 



Caucasus and adjoining regions. The alkaloid of this popular 

 garden-plant is a very powerful Sialogogue [Prof. Ringer], 



Tussilago Farfara, Linn. 



The Coltsfoot. Europe, Western Asia, Northern Africa. This 

 herb is stoloniferous and large-rooted, hence it is an embankment- 

 plant [Dr. M. T. Masters]. It is also of medicinal renown and 

 particularly utilised in pulmonary affections. 



Typha latifolia, Linn<. 



The Cattail, large Reedmace or Bulrush. Widely distributed 

 over the northern hemisphere in Norway to lat. 60 41'. Worthy 

 of being encouraged in its growth on rivers and around lakes, and 

 of being transferred to unutilised waters, as the very light and soft 

 foliage can be converted into material for mattresses, which in the 

 Royal Navy of Italy have come into universal use as additional 

 means of saving human life in the event of shipwreck. These 

 mattresses continue to float for a very long time and bear a great 

 weight ; thus one mattress is capable of supporting several persons 

 in water (Marquis Toverena and Admiral Romano). The large 

 rootstocks are rich in nourishing starch. The closely allied T. 

 angustifolia extends to Australia. 



Ulex Europseus, Linn. 



The Whin, Gorse or Furze. Western and Southern Europe, 

 Azores, Canary-Islands ; hardy in Norway to lat. 58 58'. A bush 

 important for covering quickly drift-sands on coasts, not readily 



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