Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 561 



in the United States as well as in the south of France. Several of 

 these give an excellent produce : Jacques and Norton's Virginia 

 gained a first prize in competition with the wines of Southern France, 

 at an exhibition held in Montpellier. The Jacques-variety especially 

 is much esteemed in Provence for its resistance to Phylloxera, 

 also for its luxuriant growth, great fertility and excellent wine of 

 rich colour. The whole group of Vitis aestivalis is however rather 

 difficult to propagate, and is for this reason not so valuable for stock 

 of the European vine as V. riparia. As these vines are of larger 

 growth than V. vinifera, they should be planted further apart ; a 

 distance of 8 or 10 feet, and 6 feet between the rows is considered 

 the most suitable. In Europe the flowering season is at the end of 

 June, about a fortnight later than that of the European vine. Hybrids 

 between this and V. riparia constitute one of the strongest stocks 

 known for resisting the Phylloxera vastatrix ; they can be fairly well 

 propagated from cuttings. Hybrids between V. aestivalis and V. 

 rupestris are even superior to them in hot climates and on sterile soil. 

 The following method has been recommended for propagating these 

 American vines in districts infested by the Phylloxera. Cut the best 

 old stocks of European vines down to six of eight inches underground, 

 graft upon them American scions having at most three eyes, fasten 

 with clay and cover the graft with soil, preferably with sand. To 

 obtain then a number of American vines, cut off any European shoots, 

 which may have sprouted, leave all the best American shoots, make 

 furrows about four inches deep, radiating from the stock, in which layer 

 the shoots, fixing them down with pegs, and cover them with sand. 

 It is to be observed, that in very poor dry soil, where the European 

 vine still yields a fair crop, American vines do not succeed. [Plan- 

 chon, "Vignes Americaines."] 



Vitis Arizonica, Engelmann. 



This species resembles V. Californica in appearance and rapidity 

 of growth ; it resists the attacks of the Phylloxera, and bears 

 drought, but is liable to mildew. Recommended by Prof. E. W. 

 Hilgard of Berkeley to serve as stock for grafting, who mentions 

 besides as Phylloxera-resisting : V. rupestris, V. Romanti, V. Davidi, 

 V. candicans, V. monticola and Y. Novo-Mexicana. The two latter, 

 as well as V. Texana and V. Doaniana, have been recommended for dry 

 and hard calcareous soils, in which most other kinds do not thrive so 

 well. 



Vitis Baudiniana, F. v. Mueller. (Cissus Antarctica, Ventenat.) 



East-Australia. With V. hypoglauca the most southern of all 

 species of grapes, none extending to New Zealand. It is evergreen, 

 and a vigorous plant for bovvers, but suffers even from slight frosts. 

 The berries are freely produced and edible, though not large. 



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