Naturalisation in Extra-Tropical Countries. 587 



Zizyphus Lotus, Lamarck. 



Countries around the Mediterranean Sea. The fruits are small 

 and less sweet than those of Z. vulgaris ; nevertheless they are largely 

 used for food in the native country of this bush, and are quite a staple- 

 product for the local fruit-markets there [Dr. Shaw]. Z. nummularia 

 (Wight and Arnott) is an allied species from the mountains of India, 

 ascending to about 3,000 feet. It is much used for garden-hedges; 

 The fruit is sweet, acidulous, and of a pleasant flavour [Sir D. 

 Brandis]. 



Zizyphus Mistal, Grisebach. 



Argentina. A fine tree with edible fruits. 



Zizyphus mucronatus, Willdenow. 



The " Buffalo-Thorn." South Africa. Mentioned in the " Agri- 

 cultural Journal" of the Cape Colony, vii. 231, as rivalling Aberia 

 Caffra for hedging. 



Zizyphus rugosa, Lamarck. 



Nepal and other mountainous parts of India. A gmall tree, hardier 

 than Z. Lotus. The fruit of this is also edible, and the same may be 

 said of a few other Indian species. 



Zizyphus Sinensis, Lamarck. 



China and Japan. Similar in use to the last. 



Zizyphus Spina Christi, Willdenow. 



Middle and North- Africa, South- Western Asia. Rather a hedge- 

 plant than a fruit-bush. 



Zizyphus vulgaris, Lamarck. 



Orient, particularly Syria, extending to China ; in the Himalayas 

 up to 6,500 feet. A small tree, adapted for a mild temperate clime. 

 Fruits scarlet, about an inch long, with edible pulp ; they are known 

 as South-European Jujubes. The allied Z. oxyphylla (Edgeworth) 

 has a very acid fruit. 



Zoysia pungens, Willdenow. 



Eastern and Southern Asia, East- Australia. This creeping grass, 

 although not large, is important for binding coast-sands ; it will live 

 on saline soils, and can also be utilised as a lawn-grass, choking out 

 most other grasses. Relished by stock. 



Number of plants, primarily recorded, 2,582. Very many besides 

 secondarily mentioned. 



