CONTENTS. xi 



SECTION II. 

 THE MECHANICS OF PULMONARY RESPIRATION. 



PAGE 



$ 324. The entrance and exit of air into and from the lungs ; tidal and 



stationary air 535 



3 325. Complemental, reserve or supplemental and residual air. Results of 



an opening into the pleural chamber 536 



| 326. The lungs before birth and the changes at birth .... 537 



327. The pressure exerted in breathing and the quantity of air moved . 537 



328. The graphic records of the respiratory movements; pneumatograph 538 



| 329. The curve of respiratory movements 542 



The Respiratory Movements. 



330. The visible movements . . . 543 



331. The movements of inspiration. The movements of the diaphragm . 543 



332. The elevation of the ribs 544 



333. The muscles which move the ribs 545 



334. The muscles of laboured inspiration 546 



335. Expiration. The expiratory muscles 547 



336. Facial and laryngeal respiration . 548 



SECTION III. 



THE CHANGES OF THE AIR IN RESPIRATION. 



337. The changes in temperature 550 



338. The aqueous vapour in expiration 550 



339. The gaseous changes -550 



340. The diminution in volume 551 



341. The organic impurities in expired air 552 



SECTION IV. 



THE RESPIRATORY CHANGES IN THE BLOOD. 



342. The gases of arterial and venous blood. The mercurial gas pump . 553 



The Relations of Oxygen in the Blood. 



343. The absorption of oxygen by blood is not according to 'the law of 



pressures' 557 



344. The characters of haemoglobin o59 



345. The spectroscopic features of hemoglobin 560 



346. The spectroscopic features of reduced hasmoglobin .... 563 



347. The oxygenation and reduction of haemoglobin .... 564 



348. The colour of venous and arterial blood 565 



349. Carbonic-oxide-hsemoglobin 566 



b 2 



