CHEMICAL BASIS OF THE ANIMAL BODY. 27 



Pure paraglobulin is insoluble in water. If dissolved in a minimal 

 amount of alkali it is precipitated by -03 to *5 p.c. of NaCl. On the 

 addition of more than -5 p.c. of the salt it goes again into solution 

 and does not begin to be reprecipitated on the addition of more salt 

 until at least 20 p.c. NaCl has been added. It is not completely 

 precipitated by saturation of its solutions with NaCl (Hammarsteii). 

 Its dilute saline solutions coagulate on heating to 75 01 . Dissolved in 

 dilute solutions of NaCl or MgSO 4 its specific rotatory power is stated 

 tobe(a) D = -47'S 2 . 



Paraglobulin occurs in smaller amounts (J J) in chyle, lymph 

 and serous fluids. Hammarsten by means of saturation with MgS0 4 

 was the first to shew that hydrocele fluids frequently contain para- 

 globulin, thus largely shaking the importance of Al. Schmidt's views 

 as to the part it plays in the process of blood-clotting. 



Globulins which are not regarded as differing essentially from paraglobulin are 

 also stated to occur in urine 3 . 



Cell- globulins. Halliburton has described under this name 4 some forms of 

 globulin which occur in lymph-corpuscles and may be extracted from them by 

 solutions of sodium-chloride. Of these one, cell-globulin-a, occurs in minute 

 quantities only and is characterised by coagulating at 48 50. The other cell- 

 globulin-j8 is more copiously present in the corpuscles and coagulates in dilute 

 saline solutions at 75. The latter resembles paraglobulin very closely in properties 

 other than the identity of their temperatures of heat coagulation in dilute saline 

 solutions, e.g. precipitability, &c. He considers that cell-globulin -/3 differs from true 

 paraglobulin, or plasma-globulin as he terms it, by possessing the power of hastening 

 the clotting of diluted salt-plasma, and he regards the so-called ' fibrin-ferment ' as 

 identical with cell-globulin -/3 and arising from the disintegration of leucocytes. 



The proteid constituent of the stroma of red blood-corpuscles consists chiefly of 

 a globulin usually regarded as identical with paraglobulin, since its saline solutions 

 coagulate at 75 and it is precipitated from the same by saturation with sodium 

 chloride and a current of carbonic anhydride 5 . Halliburton considers it to be 

 identical with cell-globulin-, and accounts thus for the earlier statements as to the 

 fibrinoplastic properties of the stroma-globulins 6 . 



separating globulins and serum-albumin see Michailow (Eussian), Abst. in Maly's 

 Bericht. Bd. xiv. xv. (1884-5), Sn. 7, 157. Pohl, Arch. f. exp. Path. u. Pharm. Bd. 

 xx. (1886), S. 426. 



1 Halliburton, Jl. of Physiol. Vol. v. (1883), p. 157. 



2 Fre"dericq, Arch, de Biol. T. i. (1880), S. 17. Bull. Acad. roy. de Belgique (2), 

 T. iv. (1880), No. 7. (See Maly's Bericht. 1880, S. 171.) 



3 Lehmann, Virchow's Arch. Bd. xxxvi. (1866), S. 125. Edlefsen, Arch. f. Uin. 

 Med. Bd. vn. (1870), S. 67. Also Gentralb. f. med. Wiss. 1870, S. 367. Senator, 

 Virchow's Arch. Bd. LX. (1874), S. 476. Heynsius, Pfliiger's Arch. Bd. ix. (1874), 

 S. 526 (foot-note). Fiihry-Snethlage, Arch. Uin. Med. Bd. xvn. (1876), S. 418. 



4 Proc. Eoy. Soc. Vol. XLIV. (1888), p. 255. Jl. of Physiol. Vol. ix. (1888), 

 p. 235. 



5 Hoppe-Seyler, Physiol. Chem. S. 391. Kiihne, Lehrbuch, S. 193. Wooldridge, 

 Arch.f. Physiol. Jahrg. 1881, S. 387. Hoppe-Seyler, Zt. f. physiol. Chem. Bd. xin. 

 (1889), S. 477. 



6 Jl. of Physiol. Vol. x. (1889), p. 532. 



