352 CHYLE, LYMPH, TRANSUDATES AND EXUDATES. 



autolysis of a leucaemic spleen, besides leucine and tyrosine, relatively 

 large quantities of ammonia, also r-alanine, histidine, and lysine (but 

 no arginine), guanine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, thymine, and p-lactic 

 acid. The autolysis of the leucsemic spleen was much more extensive 

 than the normal. 



Among the constituents of the spleen the deposit rich in iron, which 

 consists of ferruginous granules or conglomerate masses of them, and 

 which is derived from a transformation of the red blood-corpuscles, is of 

 special interest. It was closely studied by NASSE. This deposit does 

 not occur to the same extent in the spleen of all animals. It is found 

 especially abundant in the spleen of the horse. NASSE 1 on analyzing 

 the grains (from the spleen of a horse) obtained 840-630 p. m. organic 

 and 160-370 p. m. inorganic substances. These last consisted of 566- 

 726 p. m. Fe 2 O 3 , 205-388 p. m. P 2 O 5 , and 57 p. m. earths. The organic 

 substances consisted chiefly of proteins (660-800 p. m.), nuclein (52 p. m. 

 maximum), a yellow coloring-matter, extractive bodies, fat cholesterin, 

 and lecithin. 



In regard to the mineral constituents, it is to be observed that in com- 

 parison with sodium and phosphoric acid the amount of potassium" and 

 chlorine is small. The amount of iron in new-born and young animals 

 is small (LAPICQUE, KRUGER, and PERNOU), in adults more appreciable, 

 and in old animals sometimes very considerable. NASSE found nearly 50 

 p. m. iron in the dried pulp of the spleen of an old horse. GUILLEMONAT 

 and LAPICQUE 2 have determined the iron in man. They find no regular 

 increase with growth, but in most cases 0.17-0.39 p. m. (after subtracting 

 the blood-iron) calculated on the fresh substance. A remarkably high 

 amount of iron is not dependent upon old age, but is a residue from 

 chronic diseases. 



The quantitative analyses of the human spleen by OIDTMANN 3 give the 

 following results: In men he found 750-694 p. m. water and 250-306 

 p. m. solids. In that of a woman he found 774.8 p. m. water and 225.2 

 p. m. solids. The quantity of inorganic bodies was in men 4.9-7.4 p. m., 

 and in women 9.5 p. m. 



In regard to the pathological processes going on in the spleen we must 

 specially recall the abundant re-formation of leucocytes in leucffimia and 

 the appearance of amyloid substance (see page 168). 



30; and Hammarsten's Festschrift, 1906; Leathes, Journ. of PhysioL, 28; Schumm, 

 Hofmeister's Beitrage, 3 and 7. 



1 Maly's Jahresber., 19, p. 315. 



2 Lapicque, ibid., 20; Lapicque and Guillemonat, Compt, rend, de soc. biol., 48, 

 and Arch, de PhysioL (5) 8: Kriiger and Pernou, Zeitschr. f. Biologic, 27; Nasse, 

 cited from Hoppe-Seyler, Physiol. Chem., 720. 



3 Cited from v. Gorup-Besanez, Lehrbuch, 4. Aufl., p. 719. 



