UPSALA 87 



every little duodecimo biographer of early in this 

 century has followed Stoever, via Pulteney, securely, 

 and said Linnaeus had 8/. One writer kindly allows 

 him this sum annually. 200 silver dollars make about 

 40Z., varying of course with the dollar you reckon by. 

 There is a considerable difference between SI. and 40/. 

 to a young man in any country ; and 40?., according to 

 the value of money in Sweden at that time, seems a 

 good deal for Carl's father to have spared. Money seems 

 to be measured in Sweden something on the Scotch plan 

 of punds instead of pounds, and the cost of living is still 

 small at the Swedish universities. Lund has now about 

 600 students, Upsala double that number. 31. a month 

 at Lund and 4/. at Upsala will cover all the student's 

 expenses. If this be so now and it is an admitted fact 

 Carl's 200 silver dollars made a fair first year's allowance 

 for him, even deducting a small sum for his journey. 1 



1 Before 1777 accounts were kept in dahler of 4 marck, or 32 

 ore, either in silver or copper coins ; the former being reckoned at 

 three times the value of the same denominations of the latter. By 

 the regulations of 1777 (which was the reckoning used when Stoever 

 wrote his history) the specie riksdaler was to pass for the same 

 value that 6 silver dahler or 18 koppar dahler formerly did. Kelly's 

 Universal Cambist, 1835. 



The single ducats (the common gold coinage of Sweden) were 

 to pass for 1 riksdaler 46 skilling specie; or 11 dahler 24 ore 

 silver ; or 35 dahler 8 ore copper. 



The silver dollars used in Linnseus's youth were coins of Frederic 

 and Ulrica Leonora, showing the two sovereigns side by side on the 

 obverse, the reverse the three crowns of the realm ; and the rarer 

 pieces of Charles XII. with the crossed arrows, a crown, and a star 

 on the reverse. The rapid changes in value of the coinage after 

 Charles XII. 's wars causes the difficulty in reckoning Linna3us's 

 funds. 



