PRUNING FLOWERING TREES 23 



CARMICHAELIA. Requires no pruning. 



CASSANDRA. See CALLUNA. 



CASSINIA. These are grown more for their foliage 

 than for their flowers, and should be cut down in the 

 winter or early spring. This can be done annually 

 or biennially according to whether the plants are 

 growing strongly or not. 



CASSIOPE. See CALLUNA. 



CATALPA. This genus contains some of our hand- 

 somest flowering trees, all of which require careful 

 pruning after the flowers are past, thinning out the 

 weakly wood, and shortening any long branches. 



CEANOTHUS. Of these, C. americanus, C. azureus, 

 C. integerrimus, and the garden hybrids, such as 

 "Gloire de Versailles," "Marie Simon/' " Ceres," 

 &c., flower on the young wood, and should be cut 

 back in spring, allowing only sufficient shoots to 

 remain to form a well-balanced plant, and shortening 

 them back to within two or three eyes of the old 

 wood. The remaining species flower on the old 

 wood, and merely require a shortening back of the 

 stronger shoots and a thinning out of the weakly 

 ones after the flowers are past. 



CELASTRUS. A climbing genus of strong and 

 vigorous habit with showy fruits. They only require 

 sufficient pruning in winter to keep them within 

 bounds. 



CERCIS. Requires no pruning, except such as 

 may be necessary to make well-shaped plants, which 

 should be done after flowering. 



CHIMONANTHUS. The shoots of this should be 



