42 TREES AND SHRUBS 



quickly, the young plants attaining a good size by 

 the end of the second year. 



ERICACEAE This order includes all the so-called 

 American plants, such as Pernettya, Gaultheria, Leu- 

 cothoe'y Andromeda, Pieris, Zenobia, Erica (Heath), 

 Calluna (Common Heather, Ling), Kalmia, Ledum, 

 Clethra, and Rhododendron (including Azalea). These 

 can all be increased by seeds, layering, and, in 

 addition, the first two by division of the old plants. 

 Erica and Calluna can also be increased by cuttings. 

 Seedlings, of course, make the best plants, but layer- 

 ing is a quicker method, and, in the case of some 

 of the smaller Ericaceae, one of the easiest. All the 

 Rhododendrons will not root from cuttings, though 

 some of the small-flowered ones strike easily, but 

 practically all may be increased from layers. A few 

 of the showy garden forms cannot be raised from 

 layers, and have to be grafted on stocks of the 

 common R. ponticum or R. catawbiense. 



OLEACE^E. This includes both deciduous flowering 

 shrubs and ornamental evergreens, such as Syringa 

 (Lilac), Chionanthus (Fringe tree), Jasminum (Jasmine), 

 Forsythia, Ligustrum (Privet), Phillyrcea, and Osmanthus 

 being represented. The first two are best propagated 

 by seeds or layers, though the named garden Lilac 

 is usually grafted on stocks of the common S. 

 vulgaris, a silly practice. It is a pitiful business 

 keeping down suckers from grafted plants. Ask for 

 Lilacs on their own roots, and much vexation will 

 be saved. A garden should be a place of rest and 

 pleasure, not a hunting-ground for suckers. The 



