TREES WITH FINE FRUITS 71 



always is in autumn) with its brilliant clusters of 

 orange-red haws, it is one of the most beautiful 

 objects in the garden. It is quite hardy in the 

 open, but bears fruits more abundantly when 

 planted against a wall. In that position also it 

 is more easily protected from birds, which soon 

 destroy the beauty of plants in the open. The 

 Cockspur Thorn (C. Crus Galli) has several varieties, 

 all producing pendent clusters of scarlet haws. The 

 varieties like pyracanthifolia, with narrow leaves and 

 flat-topped habit, are the best in this respect ; they 

 retain the fruits well into the winter, and are not 

 eaten by birds so freely as many are. The haws of 

 C. cordata, the Washington Thorn, are small, but a 

 brilliant orange. C. punctata, C. Azarolus, and C. 

 pinnatifida have the largest haws of any, and they 

 are of a deep red, but fall early ; the two first, 

 however, are variable, and forms with yellow and 

 other coloured haws belong to them. Those 

 of C. macracantha are bright red, and in favour- 

 able years are so plentiful as to make the tree 

 wondrously beautiful. C. coccinea and C. mollis have 

 also red haws, larger than those of C. macracantha^ but 

 they fall soon after they are ripe. The Common 

 Hawthorn is pretty, but more noteworthy is its 

 variety aurea, with bright - yellow haws. In C. 

 oliveriana they are black. The Tansy-leaved Thorn 

 (C. tanacetifolia) has large yellow fruits, not badly 

 flavoured, and with the fragrance of Apples. C. 

 orientalis has haws of a bright sealing-wax red, but 

 in its variety sanguinea they are of a deeper shade. 



