270 TREES AND SHRUBS 



chalky soils, should be cut close to the ground every 

 third winter, and the soil left undisturbed about 

 the roots. 



COLUTEA ARBORESCENS. The Bladder Senna 

 may be planted in the half-wild garden, and will 

 succeed in almost any position and in any soil. 

 Its yellow flowers in July are pretty, but the seed- 

 vessels during winter are most effective ; it should 

 be pruned back hard annually. There are several 

 varieties, each of which are equally well adapted 

 for this purpose. Plant 3 feet apart. 



CORNUS SANGUINEA (Dogwood). Few deciduous 

 shrubs are more easily grown or more effective 

 during winter than the Scarlet Dogwood. It may 

 be grouped in any position either in the gardens or 

 outside when of any extent, and when space is 

 no object the beds or groups can hardly be too 

 large. The foliage attains a beautiful bronze tint 

 during autumn, but unfortunately soon falls. The 

 position should be open, and it is absolutely essential 

 that the growths be cut to the ground annually the 

 first week in April, bearing in mind that it is only 

 the young wood which puts on its brightly-coloured 

 robe in winter, and the more intense the cold the 

 better colour will be the wood. Plant 3 feet 

 apart. Cornus sanguined variegata is a beautiful silver 

 variegated form of the above, but not so vigorous. 

 It is very fine for summer decorations ; the ground 

 requires to be well manured. Plant at a distance 

 of 1 8 inches and prune annually. The scarlet 

 wood, though small, is very pretty in winter, but 



