66 ADVANCED PHYSIOLOGY 



The young of the tapeworm also may be concealed in meats, 

 ready to attach themselves to the wall of the intestine as 

 soon as liberated from the meat by the digestive juices. 

 This animal never afterwards leaves the digestive tract, and its 

 presence there is by no means fatal, although it sometimes 

 attains great size and absorbs much of the nutrition which 

 should go to feed its human host. 



The practice of wholly or partially cooking milk is becoming 

 more and more common. These processes are called steri- 

 lizing and pasteurizing. When milk is sterilized, it is heated 

 at least to the temperature of boiling water, 212 F.; when 

 it is pasteurized, it is not heated so much, usually to about 

 165 F. In either case the purpose is to destroy the micro- 

 scopic germs which it contains. Milk, since it is such a nutri- 

 tious food, furnishes an excellent abode for numerous bac- 

 teria. It is not uncommon to find 100,000 bacteria in a single 

 drop of city milk. Most of these are quite harmless and may 

 exist in the milk in great numbers without particularly 

 injuring it. But sometimes, unfortunately, germs of serious 

 diseases find their way into milk. Bacteria of typhoid fever, 

 tuberculosis, scarlet fever and diphtheria are sometimes thus 

 distributed. The germs that produce these diseases may 

 easily be killed by heat, even by the moderate heat of 165 

 if it be rightly applied, and thus the milk may be rendered 

 safe. 



Water. "Do you drink plenty of water every day?" is 

 a question which a good physician often asks his patients; 

 and in giving medicine he may prescribe a whole glass of 

 water with a very small pill. It has been stated that three- 

 quarters of the "blues," "gray days" and "east winds" 

 which come over people, discouraging and depressing them, 

 would be escaped if they would only drink a sufficient amount 

 of cold water. 



All living matter, i.e. all protoplasm, contains water; and 

 while we cannot say that water is a food, we do know that it 



