258 



ADVANCED PHYSIOLOGY 



knee: Fig. 131, 

 Ilium 



Cavity for 

 Femur 

 Pubis 



lschi( 



FIG. 130. THE HIP, OR PELVIC 



GIRDLE 



(The innominate bone) showing it 

 to be composed of three fixed 

 bones. 



corresponding to it on the other side of the body at the 

 midline. These bones, each called the os innominatum, are 

 each made up of three bones which though separate in 

 childhood are fused into one in the adult. Since 

 the scapula in the young child also consists of 

 two bones (grown together in the adult), the 

 two girdles were originally made up of the same 

 number of parts. 



In the leg proper, one long bone, the thigh 

 bone or femur, extends from the pelvis to the 

 Between the knee and the 

 ankle are two bones, 

 the tibia and fibula. 

 The tibia is large at 

 each end and enters 

 into the knee and 

 ankle j oints ; but the 

 fibula, which is 

 smaller and on the 

 outside, has no con- 

 nection with the 

 knee joint and little 

 to do with the ankle. 

 Indeed though 

 present in the hu- 

 man body, the 



fibula is entirely lacking in some of the higher 

 animals. 



The ankle is supported by seven small tarsal 

 bones; Fig. 132. In early childhood there are 

 eight of these as there are of the wrist carpals. 

 A series of five elongated bones, the metatarsals, 

 are joined to the tarsals and form the skeleton 

 of the body of the foot. The bones of the toes are of the same 

 number as those of the fingers and are also called phalanges. 



Tibic 



FIG. 131. 

 THE BONES 



OF THE LEG 

 From the thigh 

 to ankle 



