182 MODERN FRUIT MARKETING 



sharing organization this would not be necessary. (6) 

 The number and names of the directors. This is only 

 required in a few states. This requirement was put in 

 so that the number and names of directors for the first 

 year would be known to prevent, to a certain extent,, 

 monopolistic tendencies of certain trusts. (7) The voting 

 powers of the members of the exchange. This is worked 

 out in various ways. In the case where stock is issued 

 usually one vote would be allowed with each share of 

 stock held. In such cases anyone having 51% of the stock 

 would have a controlling vote of the exchange, and so 

 some way is usually provided to prevent any member 

 getting more than a 15 or 20% interest in the exchange. 



In the non-profit sharing organizations, votes are usu- 

 ally cast in accordance to the fruit handled the previous 

 season. For example, in a certain apple exchange, if a 

 grower shipped, the previous year, 1,000 barrels of apples 

 he would be given 10 votes, or one for each 100 barrels 

 shipped or fraction of 100 barrels. Therefore, in the 

 following year he would be entitled to 10 votes. This 

 would give the larger producers a preponderance of 

 power in the voting, but this is generally considered 

 just because of their larger interest represented. 



All this information goes to the Secretary of State 

 and is there recorded upon the books of corporations 

 and becomes common knowledge to anyone who wishes 

 to investigate the matter. Then, associated with these 

 articles of incorporation is the constitution or by-laws 

 of the organization itself. Each local organization may 

 be incorporated separately, and it is not necessary for 

 these organizations to all have the same articles of in- 

 corporation, neither is it necessary for the local and the 



