190 MODERN FRUIT MARKETING 



usually published by the large exchanges. This includes 

 for the most part a recapitulation of the general market 

 conditions. It is usually put out only in the busy sea- 

 son. The information collected by the sales forces and 

 other branches of the work are studied over and summed 

 up in a small leaflet, which is mailed out daily or weekly 

 to the local exchanges and through them to each member 

 of the association. 



Another way of furnishing information, although of 

 a different class, is in connection with the Field Organ- 

 ization bureau which advises producers how best to look 

 after their orchards. It issues bulletins explaining the 

 best methods of pruning, cultivating and fertilizing, and 

 general care of the fruit trees. It also furnishes in- 

 formation on other questions, such as the buying of sup- 

 plies, where to get them as well as the various other 

 articles that are frequently handled through the ex- 

 changes. And most important of all is the giving of 

 instruction or information regarding the harvesting, 

 grading and packing of the fruit. 



The one great thing which has enabled exchanges to 

 do business as they have lies in the fact that they are 

 able to guarantee their pack. In order to do this they 

 must supervise the grading and packing themselves. It 

 has been found that each grower is not capable of put- 

 ting up a uniform pack from year to year and, also, that 

 the opinions of different men on just what is included 

 in a certain grade is variable. To be sure of uniformity 

 all the way through, the organizations either have to do 

 the packing or grading or supervise it in some way. In 

 most places they have experts who are trained for the 

 work. Newer organizations have to inaugurate packing 



