46 ZONITTD^E. 



The male organ has a long caecum, to which the retractor 

 muscle is attached, and a short kale-sac. Spermatophore like that 

 of A. tranquebarica. Spermatheca small, globose, on a short 

 stalk. A very large stout cylindrical amatorial organ. 



The centre and admedian teeth of the radula are tricuspid as 

 in bajadera ; the lateral teeth have the outer cusp much below the 

 point, which gradually becomes very small, so that the outermost 

 appear to be nearly aculeate. The formula is 



38 . 1 . 21 . 1 . 21 . 1 . 38 

 60 . 1 . 60] 



75. Ariophanta gassii, Blf. (Beddome MS.) Proc. Mai Soc. iv, 1901, 

 p. 249, pi. 25, fig. 3. 



Shell subobtectly perforate, depressedly globose, thin, rugosely 

 striated, dark fulvous to pale chestnut above, with usually a dark 

 rufous band above the periphery, sharply contracted with a 

 whitish peripherial band, more or less defined ; spire low, conoidly 

 convex, suture impressed ; whorls 6, convex, the last broader, not 

 descending, subangulate at the periphery, convex beneath ; aper- 

 ture oblique, subovally lunate; peristome in mouth white, slightly 

 obtuse, columellar margin oblique, very slightly curved, scarcely 

 expanded till close to the umbilical region, where it is abruptly 

 and rather broadly reflexed, almost covering the perforation. 



Major diam. 36, mm. 29, axis 21 mm. 



Hob. Travancore Ghats, Anaimalais, Pulneys, and perhaps the 

 higher ranges generally between the Palghat Gap and Cape 

 Comorin. 



Immature specimens of a variety, also from the Travancore 

 Ghats, have a lower convex spire, and a well-defined narrow 

 white band just above the periphery, with a dark rufous border 

 beneath, which fades gradually into the pale lower surface. 

 Another variety appears to be indicated by a somewhat depressed 

 specimen from the Pulneys in the British Museum. 



This shell is distinguished from A. maderaspatana by rather 

 larger size, narrower perforation, subangulate periphery, darker 

 and more uniform coloration, and by the form of the peristome. 

 The columellar margin in A. maderaspatana is slightly expanded 

 throughout, and the amount of expansion increases gradually at 

 the perforation, whilst in A. gassii there is scarcely any expansion 

 till close to the perforation, where the margin is abruptly reflexed. 

 It is, however, by no means improbable that the two pass into 

 each other. A variety of A. maderaspatana which occurs in open 

 ground on the plateau of the Nilgiris should perhaps be referred 

 to A. gassii. It is distinguished by the dark colour of the animal 

 and shell, the mantle being black. 



76. Ariophanta solata, Bs. (Helix) A. M. N. H. (2) ii, 1848, p. 159; 

 Pfr. (Helix) Mon. Hel iii, 1853, p. 67 ; id. t. c. iv, 1859, p. 170 ; 

 id. t. c. vii, 1876, p. 274 ; H. $ T. (Helix) C. I. 1876, pi. 28, 

 fiff. 6 ; Godwin-Austen (type of Nilgiria), Mol. Ind. ii, 1898, p. 77, 

 pi. 80, figs. 1-4 (anatomy), pi. 82, fig. 2 (radula). 



Shell perforate, subglobosely depressed, smooth, striated, 



