68 HELICIDJE. 



Gorilla rivolii, Frauenfeld, Verb. K. K. zool.-bot. Ges. xix, 1869, 



p. 876; Tryon, Struct. Conch, iii, 1884, p. 33, pi. 94, fig. 24; 



Pilsbry, Man. Conch, ser. 2, ix, 1894, p. 148, pi. 41, figs. 20-22 ; 



Glide," Science Gossip, N. s. iii, 1896, p. 91, figs. 8, 9 (shell and 



armature). 

 Helix (Atopa) rivolii, Tryon, Man. Conch, ser. 2. iii, 1887, p. 156, 



pi. 33, figs. 11, 12. 



Original description : " H. testa alba, vitrea, utroque latere 

 concavo-planulata, ellipsoidea; spira irregular!, superne striata, 

 inferne Isevigata ; anfractibus gyratis, ultimo majore, ad aperturain 

 depressis ; apertura dilatata, tubseformi obliqua, rotundato-semi- 

 lunari, intus quinquedentata; dente collumellari alteris longiore." 



Major diam. 23-25, minor 16-5-17, alt. 6-25-7 mm. 



Hob. Ceylon (Templetoii) ; .Kandy (Nevill, Preston}. 



When describing Helix rivolii in 1830 Deshayes was probably 

 unaware of the fact that the shell figured by Ferussac as Helix 

 carabinata was identical with his own. In 1838, however, when 

 editing the second edition of Lamarck's ' Animaux sans Vertebres/ 

 he acknowledges Ferussac's name and relegates rivolii to the 

 synonymy, reversing the process when editing Eerussac's Hist. 

 JS T at. Moll. (vol. i, p. 7, 1839), where he states that doubtless 

 Eerussac had provisionally so-named the species, and that he has 

 searched the dictionaries in vain for the meaning of the word 

 carabinata. For this reason he thought it advisable to retain for 

 the species the name he had himself proposed for it in 1830. 

 While a few of the older authors adopted Ferussac's name, every 

 one dealing with the species since 1850 has recognized Deshayes' 

 designation. Although Ferussac did not give a description and 

 livraison x, containing plate 51 B (numbered 101 in some copies) 

 on which the species is figured, had no text with-it, two sheets 

 of ' Explication des Planches ' were issued with livraison xvi in 

 1822 *, on page iii of which the name H. carabinata duly occurs. 



Under these circumstances Ferussac's name must be adopted. 



b ^T^ "^ 



d 



Fig. 25. Gorilla carabinata. Fig. 26. Gorilla carabinata immature. 



In fig. 25 a the parietal and palatal barriers are exposed from 

 behind, while fig. 25 b shows the median parietal fold joining the 

 callus at the aperture and the anterior terminations of the upper 



* A copy of this is in my possession. 



