YALLONIA. 223 



ibid., Man. Conch, ser. 2, viii, 1893, p. 247 ; Pilsbry, Man. 



Conch, ser. 2, ix, 1895, p. 282, pi. 70, fig. 29 (jaw), fig. 38 



(radula), pi. 63, figs. 9, 10 (genitalia). 

 Lucena, Hartmann iu Sturm, Deutschlands Fauna, vi, part 5, 1821, 



p. 40 (non Oken, 1815) ; Moquin-Tandon, Hist. Nat. Moll. 



France, ii, 1856, p. 140. 

 Amplexis, Brown, 111. Conch. Great Britain, 1827, expl. pi. 41 ; 



Amplexus, ibid., ed. 2, 1844, p. 45. 

 Zurama (Leach), Turton, Man. 1831, p. 64. 

 Chilostoma (partim), Fitzinger, Beitr. Landesk. Oesterreichs, iii, 



1833, p. 98. 



Circinaria (partim), Beck, Index Moll. 1838, p. 23. 

 Glaphyra (partim), Albers, Die Heliceen, 1850, p. 87. 



TYPE, Helix pulchella, Miiller. 



Range. North America south to Texas ; Japan, China, India ; 

 Europe, Northern Africa, and Atlantic Islands. 



" Shell minute, openly and widely umbilicate, depressed, the 

 spire low-convex, consisting of 3-4| whorls, color light and 

 uniform; surface smooth or ribbed; periphery rounded; last 

 whorl usually descending in front. Aperture oblique, circular or 

 short-oval ; peristome continuous or nearly so, expanded or reflexed, 

 often thickened within. 



" Foot small, short/, with no pedal grooves ; edge of sole some- 

 what crenulated ; sole undivided ; eye-peduncles cylindrical, not 

 enlarged distally ; tentacles short ; labial lobes well developed. 



" Jaw arcuate, with a slight median projection or none, sculp- 

 tured with numerous (18 to 25) crowded, low riblets, denticulating 

 the margins. 



" Radula having 23 to 33 teeth in a transverse row. Median 

 teeth decidedly narrower than laterals, tricuspid, the mesocone not 

 half as long as basal plate, side cusps smaller. Laterals with large 

 square basal plates, the mesocone extending to its edge, ectocone 

 small. Marginal teeth wide and low, multicuspid. 



" G-enitalia having the penis short, with terminal retractor ; 

 epi phallus short, bearing a flagellum. Dart sack present, single, 

 containing a straight, bladeless dart. No mucus glands. Duct 

 of spermatheca long, branchless." (Pilsbry.) 



195. Vallonia pulchella, Muller. 



Helix pulchella, Miiller, Verm. Terr. Fluv. Hist, ii, 1774, p. 30; 



Rossmassler, Iconogr. ii, 1838, fig. 440 ; Binney, Boston Journ. 



Nat. Hist, iii, 1840, p. 375, pi. 9, fig. 2 ; ibid., Terr. Moll. 



United States, i, 1851, pi. 9, figs. 7-9 (anatomy), iii, 1857, pi. 17, 



fig. 1 (shell) ; Lehmann, Leb. Schnecken Stettins, 1873, p. 90, 



pi. 11, fig. 30 (^anatomy). 

 Helix (Amplexis) paludosus, Brown, 111. Conch. 1827, pi. 41. 



figs. 76, 77. 

 Helix (Ampkxus) pulchella, Brown, 111. Conch, ed. 2, 1844, p. 45, 



pi. 14, figs. 76, 77. 

 Helix (Glaphyra) pulchella, Albers, Die Heliceen, 1850, p. 87. 



