CLAUSILIA. 329 



Subgenus GARNIERIA, Bourguignat. 



Garnieria, Bourguignat, Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 6, v, 1877, art. 4, p. 2 ; 

 Gredler, Drei Neue Clausilia-Arten aus China, Bozen, 1883, 

 p. 1 (as section of Clausilia) ; ibid., Jahrb. Deuts. Malak. Ges. 

 xi, 1884, p. 147 ; Mollendorff, op. cit. xiii, 1886, p. 207 ; ibid., 

 Nachr. Deuts. Malak. Ges. xxx, 1898, p. 77 (as subgenus of 

 Clausilia}. 



TYPE, Clausilia mouhoti, Pfeiffer. 



Range. Burma, Farther India, China. 



Last whorl produced, with the umbilical slit above the parietal 

 margin of the peristome, which is solute and more or less hori- 

 zontal ; aperture wider than high, with extended wing-like margins. 

 Clausilium visible from the aperture, more or less doubled on itself 

 lengthwise, forming a deep gutter, the proximal end truncate 

 with a slight indentation (mouhoti) or tongue-shaped with a more 

 or less shallow groove, the proximal end pointed and faintly 

 tubercled (ardouiniana, orientalis, tuba), sliding over the columellar 

 fold, not between the columellar and subcolumellar folds or only 

 partly so. Upper palatal plica, which is comparatively short, and 

 lunella visible from the aperture. 



Bourguignat considered the clausilium of 0. mouhoti so funda- 

 mentally distinct from that in typical Clausilia, that he created a 

 separate genus for the reception of this and a few allied forms. 

 While admitting that this structure in mouhoti is very remarkable 

 it should be borne in mind that it is only this species which, so 

 far as known at present, exhibits this extreme form of clausilium 

 and that the other species form connecting links with the normal 

 character in this respect, and although the produced last whorl, 

 the transversely dilated, almost subquadrate aperture, the almost 

 horizontal and solute parietal margin and the wing-like expansion 

 of the other thin margins of the peristome, constitute well- 

 marked features, sufficient to warrant the species thus character- 

 ized being segregated from their whilom congeners, I do not 

 regard them of generic value. Gredler and Mollendorff were 

 evidently of the same opinion, a fact which induces me all the 

 more readily to reduce Garnieria to subgeneric rank. 



Only two known species occur in Burma, while Mollendorff 

 in 1898, in addition enumerated ten species : trachelostropha, 

 Mollendorff, and/wc/m, Gredler, from China ; schomburgi, Schmacker 

 & Boettger, from Hainan ; ardouiniana, Heude, orientalis, Mabille, 

 and horrida, Mabille, from Tonkin ; moulwti, Pfeiffer, massiei 

 Morlet, and davtzenbergi, Morlet, from Laos and Cambodia ; 

 rugifera from Annam. To these may be added dorri, Bav. & 

 Dautz., yiardi, H. Fischer, and messageri, Bav. & Dautz., from 

 Tonkin. 



