336 RIDING FOR LADIES. 



drive. An oatmeal drink with the chill taken off, and an 

 abundance of water splashed about the legs, prove great 

 refreshers. Exhausted horses are immensely benefited by 

 getting a scrape down, together with a '' pick-me-up " of 

 warm ale. 



An Upper Jaw Bit, and an Over Draw Check will 

 teach a youngster (when training for harness) almost as 

 much sense as he will learn by two months' handling. The 

 apparatus sobers him — stops that peculiar, one-sided, 

 twisting kind of kick, or " lurch," which beginners when 

 fresh are wont to indulge in — and, in short, teaches him to 

 trot his level best, without the aid of a kicking-strap. It 

 is called the " Carleton " Check — I presume from its in- 

 ventor's name — and consists of a very small bar snaffle, 

 not much thicker than an ordinary lead pencil, with a loose 

 ring at either end. Straps, about half an inch wide, are 

 buckled to these rings, and are connected above the 

 horse's nostrils by a narrow upper noseband : on the same 

 principle as an ordinary chin-strap. This little noseband 

 is necessary to keep the bit called an "upper jaw bit " in 

 its place : namely, under the upper jaw, just as the regular 

 bit is upon the under jaw. The little mouthpiece is very 

 slightly curved— a mere segment of a circle — and from it 

 the two straps run up the horse's nose, and are joined 

 too-ether on his forehead to prevent them chafing his eyes. 

 They are then continued between the ears, and along 

 the mane, to the water hook. At the spot where they 

 pass the headpiece they run through two square loops, in 



