THE HOESE, A^^D 



TEETH.] 



Pig. 1 shows the end of a jaw which marks 

 four years and a-half old. The horse-dividers 

 newly shot out, are still quite fresh, and not 

 as yet on a level with the incisors or nippers. 

 The inner edge of the latter are still un- 

 touched, and lower than the external edge. 

 The sucking corner teeth are much more worn, 

 and present only the extremity of the funnel. 



Eig. 2 shows a horse just closing up to five 

 years old. The corner teeth have appeared a 

 short time, and are quite fresh and untouched. 

 The nippers begin to lose the mark ; the ex- 

 ternal edge of the dividers has undergone 

 some wear ; but the inner edge is nicked, and 

 as yet untouched, and lower than the outer. 



Eig. 3 represents the age of a six-year-old. 

 The nippers have lost their mark ; the dividers 

 have nearly lost theirs ; but the inner edge of 

 the corner teeth is still untouched, and also 

 slightly nicked. 



Eig. 4 exhibits a jaw, in which the incisors, 

 or nippers, mark seven years old complete ; 

 and both the nippers and dividers have en- 

 tirely lost the mark; the inner edge of the 

 corner teeth is on a level with the outer, in 

 consequence ot the tear and wear they have 

 undergone. 



Eig. 5 shows an eight-year-old : all the 

 teeth have lost the mark, and the nippers have 

 begun to assume the oval form. The re- 

 mainder of the funnel is close to the inner edge 

 of the table of the tooth. 



Pig, (5. — This engraving is taken from the 

 teeth of a horse that was eight years old off. 

 All the incisors have lost the mark, and tlie 

 septum of the root appears on the table of the 

 nippers, in the shape of a small transverse 

 zone, situated in front of the funnel, and quite 

 close to the outer edge of the tooth. 



Eig. 7 exhibits the mouth at nine years old. 

 The incisors or nippers are rounded, and the 

 dividers have likewise begun to assume a 

 rounded form. The remainder of the funnel 

 of these four teeth is round, and quite close to 

 the inner edge of the tooth. Tiiese teeth also 

 show the septum of the root, which is most 

 prominent in the nippers. 



Eig. 8 exhibits the mouth of a ten-year-old. 

 Here we see merely the rudiment of the funnel 

 in the nippers, as well as in the dividers ; whilst 

 the remainder of the central enamel touches 

 the inner edge of the table of the tooth. The 

 172 



[teeth. 



nippers and the dividers are rounded, and the 

 corner teeth present an oval form. 



Eig. 9. — Erom the appearance of the teeth, 

 as here represented, the horse has attained his 

 eleventh year. All the incisors are rounded, 

 and now carry only a slight trace of the cen- 

 tral enamel, which touches the inner edge of 

 the table of the tooth. The septum of the 

 root appears in all the teeth, and the re- 

 mainder of the funnel is smaller in the nip- 

 pers than in the dividers and corner teeth. 



Eig. 10 shows the mouth of a twelve-year- 

 old, the nippers having lost the central enamel, 

 and the septum of the root being rounded. 



Eig. 11 — This engraving is taken from the 

 mouth of a horse thirteen years off. The nip- 

 pers have become triangular ; the dividers are 

 also assuming that form, and the corners are 

 still rounded. The septum of the root is 

 rounded in the four latter, and is seen in the 

 middle of the table. The tushes are very much 

 worn. 



Eig. 12. — The horse to which this mouth 

 belonged, ruight have been thirteen or four- 

 teen vears of age. The nippers are triangular, 

 and the dividers are becoming so. The tushes 

 are still more worn than in the preceding 

 figure. 



We will now briefly recapitulate the most 

 important points to be attended to, in this 

 chapter, in the purchase of a horse. However, 

 it must be borne in memory, that 

 " Whoe'er expects a perfect horse to see, 

 Expects what never was, or is, or e'er shall be." 



It is well known that there is a general idea 

 in the Ciinds of many, that a hoi'se begins to 

 decay after he has attained his eighth year. 

 Than this nothing can be more absurd. Mr. 

 Blaine remarks, that "a very considerable at- 

 tention to the subject, over a wide field of 

 observation, has impressed the writer with the 

 propriety of drawing the following comparison 

 between the ages of horses and men ; that is, 

 at these several periods of comparison, the 

 constitutions of horses and of men may be 

 considered as in an equal degree of perfection 

 and capability for exertion, or of debility and 

 decay, according as youth or age preponderates. 

 Thus the first five years of a horse may be 

 considered as equivalent to the first twenty 

 years of a man ; or thus — a horse of five years 

 may be comparatively considered as old as a 



