MEDICINES.] 



AM) Till; Hi VAKlors lUiEEDS. 



[medicikes 



the patient to a termiuation. Bleediug, lotions, 

 warm baths, ami friction, witli stimulating oils, 

 are all recomiuoniloil ; also pur^^iitivcs, if the 

 mouth can be forced to admit them ; if uot, 

 anoilvncs and enemas must be given. 



TUMOURS. 



Tuiiiourfi, or liard tswellings, niako their 

 appearance on dillerent parts of the auiumrs 

 body. Give aperient medicines; keep the 



animal clean, and administer u change of 

 wholesomo food. 



These are all the principal diseases to which 

 swino are subject. Tho remedies accompanv • 

 in<j them are such as have been found njo.>^t 

 i.'lleclual ; but where these fail, a skilful practi- 

 tioner should be called in, that tlie lifu uf a 

 valuable animal may not bo sacriliccd. 



MEDICINES USED IX THE TKEATMENT OF DISEASES IN SWINE. 



Antimony. — Tiiis is rarely given alone; but, in 

 combination with sulphur, it forms a cooling and 

 cleansing medicine. Wiien combined with sul- 

 j)hur, hog's-lard, or palm or train-oil, it forms the 

 common mange-ointment. 



AKsr.NlC. — Used in cases of disease of the skin. 

 To form a solution of sufficient strength for 

 external application, use from one ounce to 

 an ounce and a-half, dissolved in a gallon of 

 water. Arsenic, in the metallic state, is of a 

 bluish-while colour, subject to tarnish, and grows 

 first yellowish, then black, by exposure to air. 

 It is brittle, and, when broken, exhibits a lami- 

 nated texture. Its specific gravity is 5 -703. In 

 close Vessels it sublimes entire at 35G° F., but 

 burns with a small flame if respirable air be 

 present. The arsenic met with in commerce has 

 the form of a white oxide. It is brought chiefly 

 from the cobalt works in Saxony, where zafTre is 

 made. Co!)alt ores contain much arsenic, which 

 is driven off by long torrefaction. The ore is 

 thrown irlo a furnace, resembling a baker's oven, 

 with a fiue, or horizontal chimney, nearly 200 

 yards long, into which the fumes pass, and are 

 condensed into a greyish or blackisli powder. 

 This is refined by a second sublimation in close 

 vessels, with a little potash, to detain the impu- 

 rities. As the heat is considerable, it melts the 

 sublimed flowers into those crystalline masses 

 which are met with in commerce. Arsenic is 

 used in a variety of arts, and enters into metallic 

 combinations, wherein a white colour is required. 

 It is a deadly poison when received into the 

 stomach. The best remedies are mucilaginous 

 liquids and milk. Syrups and linseed tea are of 

 service. Vomiting should be excited by tickling 

 the throat with a feather. 



Arsenic Acid is formed by the distillation of the 

 white oxide with nitric acid ; or by exposing it 



to chlorine vaixiur. It is a white concrete sub- 

 stance. The arsenic acid has a sour, and, at the 

 same time, a metallic taste. It reddens vegetable 

 blues, attracts humidity from the atmosphere, 

 and effervesces strongly with solutions of alkaline 

 carbonates. AVilh alkalies, earths, and oxides, 

 it constitutes a class of salts, called arseniates. 

 The arseniate of potash was introduced into the 

 materia inedica by Dr. Fowler, for the cure of 

 agues; but it is not used in the diseases of 

 swine. 



Calomel. — This drug being very dangerous, should, 

 whei'e used at all, be given with extreme caution. 

 In combination with an equal portion of tarta- 

 rised antimony, it may be administered in cases 

 of great emergency. To form an active emetic, 

 take from two to three grains. 



Creosote. — In cases of virulent cutaneous erup- 

 tions this is a useful medicine. 



Croton Oil. — In cases of severe constipation, 

 from one to three drops may be given of this 

 powerful 'purgative. 



Digitalis. — Valuable as a sedative in cases of 

 fever. 



Epsom Salts. — A purgative, used in almost every 

 ordinary case. In a general way, the dose is 

 from half an ounce to an ounce and a-half. 



Gentian. — Used as a stomachic. A portion of it 

 should be given with every aperient draught, with 

 great care and consideration. 



Ginger. — Used as a tonic. It is also an excellent 

 stomachic. 



Linseed Oil. — In cases of considerable intes- 

 tinal inflammation, this may be given as a pur- 

 gative. 



Mercurial Ointment.— In conjunction with the 

 sulphur ointment, this is used for the mange and 

 scab. The proportions are, one part of the former 

 to eight parts of the latter. 



803 



